FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Contributions of altimetry and Argo to non‐closure of the global mean sea level budget since 2016
BT 
AF Barnoud, Anne
   Pfeffer, Julia
   Guérou, Adrien
   Frery, Marie‐Laure
   Siméon, Mathilde
   Cazenave, Anny
   Chen, Jianli
   Llovel, William
   Thierry, Virginie
   LEGEAIS, Jean Francois
   Ablain, Michaël
AS 1:1;2:1;3:2;4:2;5:2;6:1,3;7:4;8:5;9:6;10:2;11:1;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:PDG-ODE-LOPS-OH;10:;11:;
C1 Magellium, 1 rue Ariane31520, Ramonville‐Saint‐Agne ,France
   CLS ,11 rue Hermes31520, Ramonville Saint Agne ,France
   LEGOS ,18 avenue Edouard Belin31401, Toulouse cedex 9 ,France
   Center for Space Research, University of Texas Austin TX ,USA
   Univ Brest ,CNRS Ifremer, IRD LOPS, F‐29280 Plouzané, France
   Univ Brest, Ifremer CNRS IRD LOPS, F‐29280 Plouzané, France
C2 MAGELLIUM, FRANCE
   CLS, FRANCE
   LEGOS, FRANCE
   UNIV TEXAS AUSTIN, USA
   CNRS, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
SI BREST
SE PDG-ODE-LOPS-OH
UM LOPS
IN WOS Ifremer UMR
   WOS Cotutelle UMR
   copubli-france
   copubli-int-hors-europe
IF 5.576
TC 33
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00702/81362/85722.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00702/81362/85723.pdf
LA English
DT Article
DE ;Argo;GRACE;GRACE-FO;satellite altimetry;sea level;sea level budget
AB Over 1993-2016, studies have shown that the observed global mean sea level (GMSL) budget is closed within the current data uncertainties. However, non-closure of the budget was recently reported when using Jason-3, Argo and GRACE/GRACE Follow-On data after 2016. This non-closure may result from errors in the datasets used to estimate the GMSL and its components. Here, we investigate possible sources of errors affecting Jason-3 and Argo data. Comparisons of Jason-3 GMSL trends with other altimetry missions show good agreement within 0.4 mm/yr over 2016-present. Besides, the wet tropospheric correction uncertainty from the Jason-3 radiometer contributes to up to 0.2 mm/yr. Therefore, altimetry alone cannot explain the misfit in the GMSL budget observed after 2016. Argo-based salinity products display strong discrepancies since 2016, attributed to instrumental problems and data editing issues. Re-assessment of the sea level budget with the thermosteric component provides about 40 % improvement in the budget closure. Plain Language Summary Sea level rise, due to the addition of meltwater from glaciers and ice-sheets in the oceans and to the thermal expansion of seawater, is commonly used as an indicator for climate change. The sea level budget provides information on temporal changes in one or more components of the budget, on process understanding, on missing contributions and allows cross validation of the observing systems involved in the sea level budget (satellite altimetry, Argo oceanic float and GRACE/GRACE Follow-On satellite gravimetry). The sea level budget was closed until 2015-2016, i.e. the observed global mean sea level agrees well with the sum of components. However, since 2016, the budget is not closed anymore. In this study, we show that errors in Argo salinity measurements are responsible for about 40 % of the budget error while the altimetry data cannot explain the remaining error. Other sources of errors should be further investigated to fully understand the error in the budget after 2016, in particular satellite GRACE/GRACE Follow-On gravity measurements or missing physical contributions. 
PY 2021
PD JUN
SO Geophysical Research Letters
SN 0094-8276
PU American Geophysical Union (AGU)
VL 48
IS 14
UT 000711496700074
DI 10.1029/2021GL092824
ID 81362
ER

EF