FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Systematic Conservation Planning at an Ocean Basin Scale: Identifying a Viable Network of Deep-Sea Protected Areas in the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean BT AF Combes, Magali Vaz, Sandrine Grehan, Anthony Morato, Telmo Arnaud-Haond, Sophie Dominguez-Carrió, Carlos Fox, Alan González-Irusta, José Manuel Johnson, David Callery, Oisín Davies, Andrew Fauconnet, Laurence Kenchington, Ellen Orejas, Covadonga Roberts, J. Murray Taranto, Gerald Menot, Lenaick AS 1:1;2:1;3:2;4:3,4;5:1;6:3,4;7:5,6;8:3,4;9:6,7;10:2;11:8;12:3,4;13:9;14:10;15:6;16:3,4;17:11; FF 1:PDG-RBE-MARBEC-LHM;2:PDG-RBE-MARBEC-LHM;3:;4:;5:PDG-RBE-MARBEC-LHM;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;14:;15:;16:;17:PDG-REM-EEP-LEP; C1 MARBEC, Université Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland Okeanos Research Centre, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal IMAR Instituto do Mar, Universidade dos Açores, Horta, Portugal Scottish Association for Marine Science, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, United Kingdom Changing Oceans Group, School of GeoSciences, Grant Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom Seascape Consultants Ltd., Romsey, United Kingdom Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS, Canada Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Centro Oceanográfico de Gijón, CSIC, Gijón, Spain Ifremer, EEP, Centre de Bretagne, Brest, France C2 IFREMER, FRANCE UNIV NATL IRELAND, IRELAND UNIV ACORES, PORTUGAL IMAR UNIV AZORES, PORTUGAL SAMS SCOTLAND, UK UNIV EDINBURGH, UK SEASCAPE CONSULTANTS LTD, UK UNIV RHODE ISLAND, USA MPO BEDFORD INST OCEANOG, CANADA IEO, SPAIN IFREMER, FRANCE SI SETE BREST SE PDG-RBE-MARBEC-LHM PDG-REM-EEP-LEP UM MARBEC IN WOS Ifremer UPR WOS Ifremer UMR DOAJ copubli-europe copubli-int-hors-europe IF 5.247 TC 7 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00705/81677/86189.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00705/81677/86190.docx LA English DT Article DE ;marine spatial planning;marine protected areas;biodiversity conservation;spatial prioritization;connectivity;vulnerable marine ecosystems;open ocean;high seas AB Designing conservation networks requires a well-structured framework for achieving essential objectives such as connectivity, replication or viability, and for considering local management and socioeconomic stakes. Although systematic conservation planning (SCP) approaches are increasingly used to inform such networks, their application remains challenging in large and poorly researched areas. This is especially the case in the deep sea, where SCP has rarely been applied, although growing awareness of the vulnerability of deep-sea ecosystems urges the implementation of conservation measures from local to international levels. This study aims to structure and evaluate a framework for SCP applicable to the deep sea, focusing on the identification of conservation priority networks for vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs), such as cold-water coral reefs, sponge grounds, or hydrothermal vents, and for key demersal fish species. Based on multi-objective prioritization, different conservation scenarios were investigated, allowing the impact of key elements such as connectivity and conservation cost to be evaluated. Our results show that continental margin slopes, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and deeper areas of large and productive shelves housing fishing grounds appeared as crucial zones for preserving the deep-sea biodiversity of the North Atlantic, and within the limitations imposed by the data available, of the Mediterranean. Using biologically-informed connectivity led to a more continuous and denser conservation network, without increasing the network size. Even when minimizing the overlap with socioeconomic activities, the inclusion of exploited areas was necessary to fulfil conservation objectives. Such areas included continental shelf fishing grounds for demersal fish species, and areas covered by deep-sea mining exploration contracts for hydrothermal vent communities. Covering 17% of the study area and protecting 55% of each feature on average, the identified priority network held a high conservation potential. However, these areas still suffer from poor protection, with 30% of them benefiting from some form of recognition and 11% only from protection against trawling. Integrating them into current marine spatial planning (MSP) discussions could foster the implementation of a basin-scale conservation network for the deep sea. Overall, this work established a framework for developing large-scale systematic planning, useful for managing Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ).   PY 2021 PD JUL SO Frontiers In Marine Science SN 2296-7745 PU Frontiers Media SA VL 8 UT 000674628700001 DI 10.3389/fmars.2021.611358 ID 81677 ER EF