Guidance Level for Brevetoxins in French Shellfish
| Type | Article | ||||||||
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| Date | 2021-09 | ||||||||
| Language | English | ||||||||
| Author(s) | Arnich Nathalie1, Abadie Eric 2, Amzil Zouher3, Dechraoui Bottein Marie-Yasmine4, Comte Katia5, Chaix Estelle1, Delcourt Nicolas6, Hort Vincent7, Mattei César8, Molgó Jordi9, Le Garrec Raphaele10 |
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| Affiliation(s) | 1 : ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Risk Assessment Directorate, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France 2 : MARBEC (MARine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 34200 Sète, Franc 3 : Ifremer (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), 44311 Nantes, France 4 : Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, ECOSEAS, UMR7035, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice, France 5 : UMR7245 MCAM CNRS-MNHN, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 75231 Paris, France 6 : Poison Control Centre, Toulouse-Purpan University Hospital and Toulouse NeuroImaging Centre (ToNIC), INSERM 1214, 31059 Toulouse, France 7 : ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Laboratory for Food Safety, Pesticides and Marine Biotoxins Unit, 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France 8 : University of Angers, INSERM, CNRS, MITOVASC, Equipe CarMe, SFR ICAT, 49100 Angers, France 9 : CEA (French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission), INRAE, University of Paris-Saclay, DMTS, SIMoS, ERL CNRS 9004, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France 10 : Laboratoire Interactions Epitheliums Neurones (LIEN), University of Brest, 29200 Brest, France |
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| Source | Marine Drugs (1660-3397) (MDPI AG), 2021-09 , Vol. 19 , N. 9 , P. 520 (15p.) | ||||||||
| DOI | 10.3390/md19090520 | ||||||||
| WOS© Times Cited | 12 | ||||||||
| Note | This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Biotoxins | ||||||||
| Keyword(s) | brevetoxins, neurotoxic shellfish poisoning, shellfish, guidance level, marine biotoxins, emerging toxins | ||||||||
| Abstract | Brevetoxins (BTXs) are marine biotoxins responsible for neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) after ingestion of contaminated shellfish. NSP is characterized by neurological, gastrointestinal and/or cardiovascular symptoms. The main known producer of BTXs is the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis, but other microalgae are also suspected to synthesize BTX-like compounds. BTXs are currently not regulated in France and in Europe. In November 2018, they have been detected for the first time in France in mussels from a lagoon in the Corsica Island (Mediterranean Sea), as part of the network for monitoring the emergence of marine biotoxins in shellfish. To prevent health risks associated with the consumption of shellfish contaminated with BTXs in France, a working group was set up by the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (Anses). One of the aims of this working group was to propose a guidance level for the presence of BTXs in shellfish. Toxicological data were too limited to derive an acute oral reference dose (ARfD). Based on human case reports, we identified two lowest-observed-adverse-effect levels (LOAELs). A guidance level of 180 µg BTX-3 eq./kg shellfish meat is proposed, considering a protective default portion size of 400 g shellfish meat. |
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