FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI How many replicates to accurately estimate fish biodiversity using environmental DNA on coral reefs? BT AF Stauffer, Salomé Jucker, Meret Keggin, Thomas Marques, Virginie Andrello, Marco Bessudo, Sandra Cheutin, Marie-Charlotte Borrero-Perez, Giomar Helena Richards, Eilish Dejean, Tony Hocdé, Régis JUHEL, Jean-Baptiste Ladino, Felipe Letessier, Tom b LOISEAU, Nicolas Maire, Eva Mouillot, David Mutis Martinezguerra, Maria Manel, Stéphanie Polanco Fernandez, Andrea Valentini, Alice Velez, Laure ALBOUY, Camille Pellissier, Loic Waldock, Conor AS 1:1;2:1;3:1,2;4:3,4;5:5;6:6;7:3;8:7;9:1;10:8;11:14;12:3;13:6;14:9,10;15:3;16:11;17:13;18:7;19:4;20:7;21:8;22:3;23:12;24:1,2;25:1,2; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;14:;15:;16:;17:;18:;19:;20:;21:;22:;23:PDG-RBE-EMH;24:;25:; C1 Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland MARBEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment, National Research Council, Rome, Italy Fundación Malpelo y otros ecosistemas marinos, Bogotá, Colombia Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras-INVEMAR Museo de Historia Natural Marina de Colombia (MHNMC), Santa Marta, Colombia SPYGEN, Le Bourget-du- Lac, France Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK Marine Futures Lab, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK IFREMER, unité Écologie et Modèles pour l’Halieutique, Nantes, France MARBEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France MARBEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France C2 ETH ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SWISS FED RES INST WSL, SWITZERLAND UNIV MONTPELLIER, FRANCE UNIV MONTPELLIER, FRANCE CNR IAS, ITALY FUNDACION MALPELO, COLOMBIA INVEMAR, COLOMBIA SPYGEN, FRANCE ZOOL SOC LONDON, UK UNIV WESTERN AUSTRALIA, AUSTRALIA UNIV LANCASTER, UK IFREMER, FRANCE CNRS, FRANCE IRD, FRANCE SI NANTES SE PDG-RBE-EMH UM MARBEC IN WOS Ifremer UPR WOS Cotutelle UMR DOAJ copubli-france copubli-p187 copubli-europe copubli-univ-france copubli-int-hors-europe copubli-sud IF 3.167 TC 21 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00727/83936/88857.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00727/83936/88858.docx LA English DT Article DE ;biomonitoring;coral reef diversity;environmental DNA;MOTU;sampling variability;tropical marine ecosystems AB Quantifying fish species diversity in rich tropical marine environments remains challenging. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is a promising tool to face this challenge through the filtering, amplification, and sequencing of DNA traces from water samples. However, because eDNA concentration is low in marine environments, the reliability of eDNA to detect species diversity can be limited. Using an eDNA metabarcoding approach to identify fish Molecular Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) with a single 12S marker, we aimed to assess how the number of sampling replicates and filtered water volume affect biodiversity estimates. We used a paired sampling design of 30 L per replicate on 68 reef transects from 8 sites in 3 tropical regions. We quantified local and regional sampling variability by comparing MOTU richness, compositional turnover, and compositional nestedness. We found strong turnover of MOTUs between replicated pairs of samples undertaken in the same location, time, and conditions. Paired samples contained non-overlapping assemblages rather than subsets of one another. As a result, non-saturated localized diversity accumulation curves suggest that even 6 replicates (180 L) in the same location can underestimate local diversity (for an area <1 km). However, sampling regional diversity using ~25 replicates in variable locations (often covering 10 s of km) often saturated biodiversity accumulation curves. Our results demonstrate variability of diversity estimates possibly arising from heterogeneous distribution of eDNA in seawater, highly skewed frequencies of eDNA traces per MOTU, in addition to variability in eDNA processing. This high compositional variability has consequences for using eDNA to monitor temporal and spatial biodiversity changes in local assemblages. Avoiding false-negative detections in future biomonitoring efforts requires increasing replicates or sampled water volume to better inform management of marine biodiversity using eDNA. PY 2021 PD NOV SO Ecology And Evolution SN 2045-7758 PU Wiley Open Access VL 11 IS 21 UT 000703915900001 BP 14630 EP 14643 DI 10.1002/ece3.8150 ID 83936 ER EF