FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Tetrodotoxins in French Bivalve Mollusks—Analytical Methodology, Environmental Dynamics and Screening of Bacterial Strain Collections
BT 
AF Réveillon, Damien
   Savar, Veronique
   Schaefer, Estelle
   Chevé, Julien
   Halm-Lemeille, Marie-Pierre
   Hervio-Heath, Dominique
   Travers, Marie-Agnes
   Abadie, Eric
   Rolland, Jean-Luc
   Hess, Philipp
AS 1:1;2:1;3:1;4:2;5:3;6:4,5;7:6,7;8:8,9;9:7,9;10:1;
FF 1:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC;2:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC;3:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC;4:PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERBN;5:PDG-ODE-LITTORAL;6:PDG-RBE-PFOM-LARN;7:PDG-RBE-IHPE;8:PDG-RBE-BIODIVENV;9:PDG-RBE-MARBEC;10:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC;
C1 Ifremer, DYNECO, Laboratoire Phycotoxines, F-44000 Nantes, France
   Ifremer, LITTORAL, F-35800 Dinard, France
   Ifremer, LITTORAL, F-14520 Port en Bessin, France
   LEMAR, Université de Brest, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, F-29280 Plouzané, France
   Ifremer, SG2M, Laboratoire LSEM, F-29280 Plouzané, France
   Ifremer, SG2M, Laboratoire LGPMM, F-17390 La Tremblade, France
   IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, F-34000 Montpellier, France
   Ifremer, Biodivenv, F-97231 Le Robert, France
   MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, IRD, Ifremer, CNRS, F-34000 Montpellier, France
C2 IFREMER, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
SI NANTES
   DINARD
   PORT-EN-BESSIN
   BREST
   MONTPELLIER
   MARTINIQUE
   SETE
SE PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC
   PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERBN
   PDG-ODE-LITTORAL
   PDG-RBE-PFOM-LARN
   PDG-RBE-IHPE
   PDG-RBE-BIODIVENV
   PDG-RBE-MARBEC
UM LEMAR
   MARBEC
   IHPE
IN WOS Ifremer UPR
   WOS Ifremer UMR
   DOAJ
IF 5.075
TC 11
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00730/84205/89130.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00730/84205/89131.zip
LA English
DT Article
DE ;emerging toxins;TTXs;REPHY;REMI;coastal and seafood contamination
AB Tetrodotoxins (TTXs) are potentially lethal paralytic toxins that have been identified in European shellfish over recent years. Risk assessment has suggested comparatively low levels (44 µg TTX-equivalent/kg) but stresses the lack of data on occurrence. Both bacteria and dinoflagellates were suggested as possible biogenic sources, either from an endogenous or exogenous origin. We thus investigated TTXs in (i) 98 shellfish samples and (ii) 122 bacterial strains, isolated from French environments. We optimized a method based on mass spectrometry, using a single extraction step followed by ultrafiltration without Solid Phase Extraction and matrix-matched calibration for both shellfish and bacterial matrix. Limits of detection and quantification were 6.3 and 12.5 µg/kg for shellfish and 5.0 and 10 µg/kg for bacterial matrix, respectively. Even though bacterial matrix resulted in signal enhancement, no TTX analog was detected in any strain. Bivalves (either Crassostrea gigas or Ruditapes philippinarum) were surveyed in six French production areas over 2.5–3 month periods (2018–2019). Concentrations of TTX ranged from ‘not detected’ to a maximum of 32 µg/kg (Bay of Brest, 17 June 2019), with events lasting 2 weeks at maximum. While these results are in line with previous studies, they provide new data of TTX occurrence and confirm that the link between bacteria, bivalves and TTX is complex 
PY 2021
PD NOV
SO Toxins
SN 2072-6651
PU MDPI AG
VL 13
IS 11
UT 000727718600001
DI 10.3390/toxins13110740
ID 84205
ER

EF