FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Rapid evolutionary turnover of mobile genetic elements drives bacterial resistance to phages BT AF Hussain, Fatima Aysha Dubert, Javier Elsherbini, Joseph Murphy, Mikayla VanInsberghe, David Arevalo, Philip Kauffman, Kathryn Rodino-Janeiro, Bruno Kotska Gavin, Hannah Gomez, Annika Lopatina, Anna LE ROUX, Frederique Polz, Martin F. AS 1:1;2:1,2;3:1;4:1;5:1;6:1;7:1;8:1,3;9:1;10:1;11:3;12:4,5;13:1,3; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:PDG-RBE-PFOM;13:; C1 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Center for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Ifremer, Unité Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins, CS 10070, F-29280 Plouzané, France. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074, F-29688 Roscoff Cedex, France. C2 MIT, USA UNIV SANTIAGO DE COMPOSTELA, SPAIN UNIV VIENNA, AUSTRIA IFREMER, FRANCE UNIV SORBONNE, FRANCE SI ROSCOFF SE PDG-RBE-PFOM IN WOS Ifremer UPR copubli-france copubli-europe copubli-univ-france copubli-int-hors-europe IF 63.832 TC 64 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00732/84375/89470.pdf LA English DT Article AB Although it is generally accepted that phages drive bacterial evolution, how these dynamics play out in the wild remains poorly understood. We found that susceptibility to viral killing in marine Vibrio is mediated by large and highly diverse mobile genetic elements. These phage defense elements display exceedingly fast evolutionary turnover, resulting in differential phage susceptibility among clonal bacterial strains while phage receptors remain invariant. Protection is cumulative, and a single bacterial genome can harbor 6 to 12 defense elements, accounting for more than 90% of the flexible genome among close relatives. The rapid turnover of these elements decouples phage resistance from other genomic features. Thus, resistance to phages in the wild follows evolutionary trajectories alternative to those predicted from laboratory-based evolutionary experiments. PY 2021 PD OCT SO Science SN 0036-8075 PU American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) VL 374 IS 6566 UT 000710251800048 BP 488 EP 492 DI 10.1126/science.abb1083 ID 84375 ER EF