FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Strong parallel differential gene expression induced by hatchery rearing weakly associated with methylation signals in adult Coho Salmon ( O. kisutch ) BT AF Leitwein, Maeva Wellband, Kyle Cayuela, Hugo Le Luyer, Jeremy Mohns, Kayla Withler, Ruth Bernatchez, Louis AS 1:1,2;2:1,3;3:1,4,5;4:6;5:7;6:7;7:1; FF 1:PDG-RBE-MARBEC-LAAAS;2:;3:;4:PDG-RBE-RMPF;5:;6:;7:; C1 Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada, G1V 0A6 Centre pour la Biodiversité Marine, l’exploitation et la Conservation, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ifremer, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Palavas-les-Flots, France Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Science Enterprise Centre, West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V7V 1N6 Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, F-769622, Villeurbanne, France Ifremer, UMR 241 Ecosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens, Centre Ifremer du Pacifique, BP 49, 98719 Tahiti, Polynésie française Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada, V9T 6N7 C2 UNIV LAVAL, CANADA IFREMER, FRANCE MPO, CANADA UNIV LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND UNIV LYON, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE MPO, CANADA SI PALAVAS TAHITI SE PDG-RBE-MARBEC-LAAAS PDG-RBE-RMPF UM MARBEC EIO IN WOS Ifremer UMR DOAJ copubli-france copubli-univ-france copubli-int-hors-europe IF 3.3 TC 5 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00755/86686/92132.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00755/86686/92133.zip https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00755/86686/97701.pdf LA English DT Article DE ;gene expression;epigenomic;hatchery;conservation;fitness;salmonid AB Human activities and resource exploitation led to a massive decline of wild salmonid populations, consequently numerous conservation programs have been developed to supplement wild populations. However, many studies documented reduced fitness of hatchery-born relative to wild fish. Here, by using both RNA sequencing and Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS), we show that of hatchery and wild born adult Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) originating from two previously studied river systems, early-life hatchery rearing environment induced significant and parallel gene expression differentiation is maintained until Coho come back to their natal river for reproduction. A total of 3,643 genes differentially expressed and 859 co-expressed genes were down-regulated in parallel in hatchery born fish from both rivers relative to their wild congeners. Among those genes, 26 displayed a significant relationship between gene expression and the median gene body methylation and 669 single CpG displayed a significant correlation between methylation level and the associated gene expression. The link between methylation and gene expression was weak suggesting that DNA methylation is not the only player in mediating hatchery-related expression differences. Yet, significant gene expression differentiation was observed despite 18 month spent in a common environment (i.e. the sea). Finally, the differentiation is observed in parallel in two different river system, highlighting the fact that early life environment may account for at least some of the reduced fitness of the hatchery salmon in the wild. These results illustrate the relevance and importance of considering both epigenome and transcriptome to evaluate the costs and benefits of large-scale supplementation programs. PY 2022 PD APR SO Genome Biology And Evolution SN 1759-6653 PU Oxford University Press (OUP) VL 14 IS 4 UT 000779884700005 DI 10.1093/gbe/evac036 ID 86686 ER EF