FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Observation system simulation experiments in the Atlantic Ocean for enhanced surface ocean pCO(2) reconstructions BT AF DENVIL-SOMMER, Anna GEHLEN, Marion VRAC, Mathieu AS 1:1,2;2:2;3:2; FF 1:;2:;3:; C1 Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich, Norfolk, England. Univ Paris Saclay, Lab Sci Climat & Environm LSCE, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace IPSL, CNRS,CEA,UVSQ,Orme Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. C2 UNIV EAST ANGLIA, UK UNIV PARIS SACLAY, FRANCE IN DOAJ IF 4.311 TC 7 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00755/86724/92197.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00755/86724/92198.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00755/86724/92199.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00755/86724/92200.pdf LA English DT Article CR OISO - OCÉAN INDIEN SERVICE D'OBSERVATION AB To derive an optimal observation system for surface ocean pCO(2) in the Atlantic Ocean and the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, 11 observation system simulation experiments (OSSEs) were completed. Each OSSE is a feedforward neural network (FFNN) that is based on a different data distribution and provides ocean surface pCO(2) for the period 2008-2010 with a 5d time interval. Based on the geographical and time positions from three observational platforms, volunteering observing ships, Argo floats and OceanSITES moorings, pseudo-observations were constructed using the outputs from an online-coupled physical-biogeochemical global ocean model with 0.25 degrees nominal resolution. The aim of this work was to find an optimal spatial distribution of observations to supplement the widely used Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) and to improve the accuracy of ocean surface pCO(2) reconstructions. OSSEs showed that the additional data from mooring stations and an improved coverage of the Southern Hemisphere with biogeochemical ARGO floats corresponding to least 25% of the density of active floats (2008-2010) (OSSE 10) would significantly improve the pCO(2) reconstruction and reduce the bias of derived estimates of sea-air CO2 fluxes by 74% compared to ocean model outputs. PY 2021 PD AUG SO Ocean Science SN 1812-0784 PU Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh VL 17 IS 4 UT 000680816300001 BP 1011 EP 1030 DI 10.5194/os-17-1011-2021 ID 86724 ER EF