FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Lack of Signal for the Impact of Conotoxin Gene Diversity on Speciation Rates in Cone Snails BT AF PHUONG, Mark A. ALFARO, Michael E. MAHARDIKA, Gusti N. MARWOTO, Ristiyanti M. PRABOWO, Romanus Edy VON RINTELEN, Thomas VOGT, Philipp W. H. HENDRICKS, Jonathan R. PUILLANDRE, Nicolas AS 1:1;2:1;3:2;4:3;5:4;6:5;7:5;8:6;9:7; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:; C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 612 Charles E Young Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Udayana Univ Bali, Fac Vet Med, Anim Biomed & Mol Biol Lab, Jl Sesetan Markisa 6, Denpasar 80225, Bali, Indonesia. LIPI, Museum Zool Bogoriense, Res Ctr Biol, Zool Div, Km 46, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia. Univ Jenderal Soedirman, Fac Biol, Aquat Biol Lab, Jalan Dr Suparno 63 Grendeng, Purwokerto 53122, Indonesia. Leibniz Inst Evolut & Biodivers Sci, Museum Nat Kunde, Invalidenstr 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. Paleontol Res Inst, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. Sorbonne Univ, EPHE, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Inst Systemat Evolut Biodiversite ISYEB,CNRS, 1259 Trumansburg Rd,57 Rue Cuvier,CP 26, F-75005 Paris, France. C2 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, USA UDAYANA UNIV BALI, INDONESIA LIPI, INDONESIA UNIV JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN, INDONESIA LEIBNIZ INST EVOLUT & BIODIVERS SCI, GERMANY PALEONTOL RES INST, USA UNIV PARIS 06, FRANCE IF 10.408 TC 12 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00760/87177/92670.pdf LA English DT Article CR ATIMO VATAE BIOPAPUA CONCALIS EBISCO EXBODI KARUBENTHOS 2 KAVIENG MADEEP NORFOLK 2 SALOMONBOA SANTO 2006 TERRASSE BO Antea Alis DE ;Macroevolution;phylogenetics;venom evolution AB Understanding why some groups of organisms are more diverse than others is a central goal in macroevolution. Evolvability, or the intrinsic capacity of lineages for evolutionary change, is thought to influence disparities in species diversity across taxa. Over macroevolutionary time scales, clades that exhibit high evolvability are expected to have higher speciation rates. Cone snails (family: Conidae, 900 spp.) provide a unique opportunity to test this prediction because their toxin genes can be used to characterize differences in evolvability between clades. Cone snails are carnivorous, use prey-specific venom (conotoxins) to capture prey, and the genes that encode venom are known and diversify through gene duplication. Theory predicts that higher gene diversity confers a greater potential to generate novel phenotypes for specialization and adaptation. Therefore, if conotoxin gene diversity gives rise to varying levels of evolvability, conotoxin gene diversity should be coupled with macroevolutionary speciation rates. We applied exon capture techniques to recover phylogenetic markers and conotoxin loci across 314 species, the largest venom discovery effort in a single study. We paired a reconstructed timetree using 12 fossil calibrations with species-specific estimates of conotoxin gene diversity and used trait-dependent diversification methods to test the impact of evolvability on diversification patterns. Surprisingly, we did not detect any signal for the relationship between conotoxin gene diversity and speciation rates, suggesting that venom evolution may not be the rate-limiting factor controlling diversification dynamics in Conidae. Comparative analyses showed some signal for the impact of diet and larval dispersal strategy on diversification patterns, though detection of a signal depended on the dataset and the method. If our results remain true with increased taxonomic sampling in future studies, they suggest that the rapid evolution of conid venom may cause other factors to become more critical to diversification, such as ecological opportunity or traits that promote isolation among lineages. PY 2019 PD SEP SO Systematic Biology SN 1063-5157 PU Oxford Univ Press VL 68 IS 5 UT 000489700900008 BP 781 EP 796 DI 10.1093/sysbio/syz016 ID 87177 ER EF