FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI A bottom-up practitioner-derived set of Essential Variables for Protected Area management BT AF HUMMEL, Herman KALLE, Valerie BIENFAIT, Louise BOYER, Yolande HEURICH, Marco SVAJDA, Juraj ADAMESCU, Mihai CAZACU, Constantin MEDINA, Felix Manuel MORKUNE, Rasa RAZINKOVAS-BAZIUKAS, Arturas POURSANIDIS, Dimitris TASEVSKA, Orhideja AL MALLA, Ajman STRITIH, Ana ROSSI, Christian ARENAS-CASTRO, Salvador CARVALHO-SANTOS, Claudia SMIT, Izak P. J. VALENTINI, Emiliana XUAN, Alessandra Nguyen ORENSTEIN, Daniel PROVENZALE, Antonello DE WIT, Rutger HUMMEL, Christiaan AS 1:1,2,3;2:1,2;3:1,2;4:4;5:6;6:7;7:8;8:8;9:9;10:10;11:10;12:11;13:12;14:13;15:14,15;16:16;17:17;18:17,18;19:19,20;20:21,22;21:22;22:23;23:24;24:4;25:1,2,5; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;14:;15:;16:;17:;18:;19:;20:;21:;22:;23:;24:;25:; C1 Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Yerseke, Netherlands. Utrecht University, Yerseke, the Netherlands Hummel Foundation for Sustainable Solutions (HuFoSS), Roosendaal, the Netherlands Centre for Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), University of Montpellier, France VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Nationalparkverwaltung Bayerischer Wald, Grafenau, Germany Matej Bel University, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia Research Center for Systems Ecology and Sustainability, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Cabildo Insular de La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain Marine Research Institute, Klaipėda University, Klaipėda, Lithuania Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Iraklion, Crete, Greece Hydrobiological Institute, Ohrid, Macedonia Unit for Environmental Protection, Municipality of Resen, Macedonia Institute for Landscape and Spatial Development, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), Planning of Landscape and Urban Systems (PLUS), Zürich, Switzerland WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research (SLF), Davos Dorf, Switzerland Swiss National Park, Department of Geoinformation, Zernez, Switzerland Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources (InBIO-CIBIO), University of Porto, Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Institute for Bio-Sustainability, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal Scientific Services, South African National Parks, Skukuza, 1350, South Africa Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Institute of Polar Sciences, National Research Council (ISP CNR), Rome, Italy Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Rome, Italy Technion Socio-Ecological Research Group, Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council (IGG CNR), Pisa, Italy C2 INST SEA RESEARCH (NIOZ), NETHERLANDS UNIV UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS HUMMEL FDN SUSTAINABLE SOLUT (HUFOSS), NETHERLANDS UNIV MONTPELLIER, FRANCE UNIV VRIJE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS NATL PK VERWALTUNG BAYER WALD, GERMANY UNIV MATEJ BEL, SLOVAKIA UNIV BUCHAREST, ROMANIA CABILDO INSULAR LA PALMA, SPAIN UNIV KLAIPEDA, LITHUANIA FDN RES & TECHNOL HELLAS, GREECE HYDROBIOLOGICAL INST, MACEDONIA UNIT ENVIRONM PROTECT, MACEDONIA ETH ZURICH, SWITZERLAND WSL, SWITZERLAND SWISS NATL PK, SWITZERLAND UNIV PORTO, PORTUGAL UNIV MINHO, PORTUGAL SOUTH AFRICAN NATL PK, SOUTH AFRICA UNIV PRETORIA, SOUTH AFRICA CNR, ITALY ISPRA, ITALY INST TECHNOL, ISRAEL CNR, ITALY UM MARBEC IN WOS Cotutelle UMR copubli-europe copubli-int-hors-europe copubli-sud TC 1 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00774/88618/94303.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00774/88618/94304.docx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00774/88618/94305.docx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00774/88618/94306.docx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00774/88618/94307.docx LA English DT Article DE ;Essential variables;Ecosystem services;Protected areas;Ecosystem functions;Threats;Bottom-up procedure;Stakeholders AB Assessing the environmental status of Protected Areas (PAs) is a challenging issue. To indicate that status, the identification of a common set of variables that are scientifically sound, and easy to assess and monitor by the PA practitioners, is particularly important. In this study, a set of 27 Essential Variables (EVs) for PA management was selected in a bottom-up process from 67 harmonised variables that describe the status of Ecosystem Functions and Structures, Ecosystem Services, and Threats in PAs. This bottom-up process involved 27 internationally recognised PAs, mostly European, with different level of protection, different extent, and a wide range of human-nature interactions. The EVs were selected by more than 120 practitioners, i.e. PA managers and rangers, as well as scientists, working in terrestrial and aquatic PAs. Across both terrestrial and aquatic PAs, scientists and practitioners largely identified the same variables as important. Data availability for these 27 EVs varied between PAs and averaged 67% across all studied PAs. As this set of EVs for PAs is defined through a bottom-up approach considering variables already in use both in management and research, it is more than for previous EVs likely to be adopted, applied and developed to record the status and changes in the ecological and socio-economic conditions of PAs and to forecast future changes. Thereby, the EVs for PAs present a common vocabulary and tool to enhance in a uniform way the (inter)national communication, exchange and comparison of information on the status of PAs between policy makers, scientists and PA managers. The perceived status of the EVs, on an average 3.6 on a scale to a maximum of 5, indicates the surveyed PAs are in a moderate to good environmental condition. Moreover, the EVs for PAs form a cost- and time-efficient tool for PA managers to monitor developments in essential elements of their PAs, including the potential for Societal Goods and Benefits (SG&B), and to (pro-)actively tackle the potential threats that may arise in their area. Likewise, for policy makers EVs for PAs may support decision making on ecosystem management, spatial planning, and predictive modelling on the future status and requirements of PAs in their country or region.   PY 2022 PD JUL SO Environmental And Sustainability Indicators SN 2665-9727 PU Elsevier VL 14 UT 000793466600004 DI 10.1016/j.indic.2022.100179 ID 88618 ER EF