FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Structure of an amorphous calcium carbonate phase involved in the formation of Pinctada margaritifera shells BT AF Grünewald, Tilman A. Checchia, Stefano Dicko, Hamadou Le Moullac, Gilles Sham Koua, Manaarii Vidal-Dupiol, Jeremie Duboisset, Julien Nouet, Julius Grauby, Olivier Di Michiel, Marco Chamard, Virginie AS 1:1;2:2;3:1;4:3;5:3;6:4;7:1;8:5;9:6;10:2;11:1; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:PDG-RBE-RMPF;5:PDG-RBE-RMPF;6:PDG-RBE-IHPE;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:; C1 Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, F-13013 France ESRF – The European Synchrotron, Grenoble Cedex, F-38043 France Ifremer, IRD, Institut Louis‐Malardé, Univ Polynésie française, EIO, F-98719 Taravao Tahiti, Polynésie française, France IHPE, University Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, University Perpignan Via Domitia, Montpellier, France Geosciences Paris Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, Campus Luminy, Marseille, France C2 UNIV AIX MARSEILLE, FRANCE ESRF – THE EUROPEAN SYNCHROTRON, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE UNIV PARIS SACLAY, FRANCE UNIV AIX MARSEILLE, FRANCE SI TAHITI MONTPELLIER SE PDG-RBE-RMPF PDG-RBE-IHPE UM IHPE EIO IN WOS Ifremer UMR copubli-france copubli-univ-france IF 11.1 TC 9 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00801/91305/97081.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00801/91305/97082.pdf LA English DT Article DE ;biomineralization;nonclassical crystallization;calcium carbonate;amorphous calcium carbonate AB Some mollusc shells are formed from an amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) compound, which further transforms into a crystalline material. The transformation mechanism is not fully understood but is however crucial to develop bioinspired synthetic biomineralization strategies or accurate marine biomineral proxies for geoscience. The difficulty arises from the simultaneous presence of crystalline and amorphous compounds in the shell, which complicates the selective experimental characterization of the amorphous fraction. Here, we use nanobeam X-ray total scattering together with an approach to separate crystalline and amorphous scattering contributions to obtain the spatially resolved atomic pair distribution function (PDF). We resolve three distinct amorphous calcium carbonate compounds, present in the shell of Pinctada margaritifera and attributed to: interprismatic periostracum, young mineralizing units, and mature mineralizing units. From this, we extract accurate bond parameters by reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) modeling of the PDF. This shows that the three amorphous compounds differ mostly in their Ca–O nearest-neighbor atom pair distance. Further characterization with conventional spectroscopic techniques unveils the presence of Mg in the shell and shows Mg–calcite in the final, crystallized shell. In line with recent literature, we propose that the amorphous-to-crystal transition is mediated by the presence of Mg. The transition occurs through the decomposition of the initial Mg-rich precursor into a second Mg-poor ACC compound before forming a crystal. PY 2022 PD NOV SO Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America SN 0027-8424 PU Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences VL 119 IS 45 UT 000907643500059 DI 10.1073/pnas.2212616119 ID 91305 ER EF