FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Asymmetry of Sagittal Otolith Shape Based on Inner Ear Side Tested on Mediterranean Red Mullet (Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758): Comparative Analysis of 2D and 3D Otolith Shape Data BT AF ANDRIALOVANIRINA, Nicolas Poisson Caillault, Emilie Couette, Sébastien Laffont, Rémi Poloni, Lauriane Lutet-Toti, Camille MAHE, Kelig AS 1:1,2;2:1;3:3,4;4:;5:3,4;6:4,5;7:2; FF 1:PDG-RBE-HMMN-LRHBL;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:PDG-RBE-HMMN; C1 UR 4491, LISIC, Laboratoire d’Informatique Signal et Image de la Côte d’Opale, University of the Littoral Côte d’Opale, 62100 Calais, France IFREMER, HMMN, 150 Quai Gambetta, BP 699, 62321 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, PSL Université, 75014 Paris, France UMR CNRS 5561 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne, 6 Bld Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France Alma Mater, Studiorum–Università di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy C2 UNIV LITTORAL COTE D'OPALE, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE EPHE, FRANCE UNIV BOURGOGNE, FRANCE UNIV BOLOGNA, ITALY SI BOULOGNE SE PDG-RBE-HMMN-LRHBL PDG-RBE-HMMN IN WOS Ifremer UPR DOAJ copubli-france copubli-europe copubli-univ-france IF 2.7 TC 1 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00836/94790/102315.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00836/94790/102325.zip LA English DT Article CR MEDITS DE ;otolith shape;Fourier analysis;2D;3D;effect of inner ear side AB Sagittal otolith shape analysis is one of the most widespread techniques worldwide to discriminate fish stock units, as this proxy integrates both environmental and genetic factors. All previous otolith shape studies have been carried out using two-dimensional (2D) images, a partial representation of the whole shape of the otolith. However, prior to the identification of stock unit boundaries, the influence of other potential drivers controlling the otolith shape must be analysed to limit their bias. In this study, the presence of asymmetry in otolith shape depending on the inner ear side (i.e., left versus right inner ears) was tested by comparing the approaches of 2D and three-dimensional (3D) sagittal otolith shape analyses. Eighty-two red mullet adults (Mullus barbatus) from three locations in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea were studied. Fourier harmonic descriptors computed from 2D outlines and spherical harmonic descriptors computed from 3D meshes were used to evaluate otolith shape variation. The results of a multivariate mixed-effects model from 2D images showed that there was no asymmetry effect of inner ear side on the otolith shape in any location. There was, however, a significant geographical effect for the 2D otolith shape between the Adriatic Sea and the Levantine Sea. In contrast, 3D information showed that both side effects and geographical differences were significant. This is the first study comparing 2D and 3D data showing different results on the same sample of red mullet. These results demonstrate the importance of 3D otolith shape analysis for stock discrimination. PY 2023 PD MAY SO Symmetry-basel SN 2073-8994 PU MDPI VL 15 IS 5 UT 001033218800001 DI 10.3390/sym15051067 ID 94790 ER EF