FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Detecting strain with a fiber optic cable on the seafloor offshore Mount Etna, Southern Italy
BT 
AF Gutscher, Marc-Andre
   Quetel, Lionel
   Murphy, Shane
   Riccobene, Giorgio
   Royer, Jean-Yves
   Barreca, Giovanni
   Aurnia, Salvatore
   Klingelhoefer, Frauke
   Cappelli, Giuseppe
   Urlaub, Morelia
   Krastel, Sebastian
   Gross, Felix
   Kopp, Heidrun
AS 1:7;2:2;3:1;4:3;5:7;6:4;7:3,7;8:1;9:1,2;10:5;11:6;12:6;13:5,6;
FF 1:;2:;3:PDG-REM-GEOOCEAN-ALMA;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:PDG-REM-GEOOCEAN-ALMA;9:PDG-REM-GEOOCEAN-ALMA;10:;11:;12:;13:;
C1 Geo-Ocean, Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, Plouzané, France
   IDIL Fiber Optics, Lannion, France
   INFN-LNS, Catania, Italy
   Department of Biological, Geology and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
   GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
   Institute of Geosciences, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
   Geo-Ocean, Univ Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, Plouzané, France
C2 IFREMER, FRANCE
   IDIL FIBER OPTICS, FRANCE
   INFN-LNS, ITALY
   UNIV CATANIA, ITALY
   IFM GEOMAR, GERMANY
   UNIV KIEL, GERMANY
   CNRS, FRANCE
SI BREST
SE PDG-REM-GEOOCEAN-ALMA
UM GEO-OCEAN
IN WOS Ifremer UMR
   WOS Cotutelle UMR
   copubli-france
   copubli-europe
IF 5.3
TC 1
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00840/95212/102919.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00840/95212/102920.jpg
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00840/95212/102921.jpg
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00840/95212/102922.jpg
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00840/95212/102923.jpg
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00840/95212/102924.jpg
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00840/95212/102925.jpg
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00840/95212/102926.jpg
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00840/95212/102927.jpg
LA English
DT Article
CR FocusX1
BO Pourquoi pas ?
DE ;monitoring active faults;submarine fiber optic cables;laser reflectometry;strike-slip fault;strain cable;seabottom currents
AB Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the Earth's surface making it difficult and costly to deploy modern seismological instruments here. The rapidly expanding global network of submarine telecom cables offers tremendous possibilities for seismological monitoring using laser light. Recent pioneer studies have demonstrated earthquake detection using lasers in onland and submarine fiber optic cables. However, permanent strain at the seafloor has never before been measured directly as it happens. With this aim, we deployed a dedicated 6-km-long fiber optic strain cable, offshore Catania Sicily, in 2000 m water depth, and connected it to a 29-km long electro-optical cable for science use. We report here that deformation of the cable equivalent to a total elongation of 2.5 cm was observed over a 21-month period (from Oct. 2020 to Jul. 2022). Brillouin laser reflectometry observations over the first 10 months indicate significant strain (+25 to +40 microstrain) at two locations where the cable crosses an active strike-slip fault on the seafloor, with most of the change occurring between 19 and 21 Nov. 2020. The cause of the strain could be fault slip or seabottom currents. During the following 11 months, the strain amplitude increased to +45 to +55 microstrain, affecting a longer portion of the cable up to 500 m to either side of the first fault crossing. A sandbag experiment performed on the distal portion of the cable (3.2–6.0 km) starting Sept. 2021 demonstrates how the fiber optic cable deforms in response to an applied load and how the deformation signal partially dissipates over time due to the elastic properties of the cable. These preliminary results are highly encouraging for the use of BOTDR (Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry) laser reflectometry as a technique to detect strain at the seafloor in near real time and to monitor the structural health of submarine cables. 
PY 2023
PD AUG
SO Earth And Planetary Science Letters
SN 0012-821X
PU Elsevier BV
VL 616
UT 001013040200001
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118230
ID 95212
ER

EF