FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Five Years Monitoring the Emergence of Unregulated Toxins in Shellfish in France (EMERGTOX 2018–2022)
BT 
AF AMZIL, Zouher
   DERRIEN, Amelie
   TERRE TERRILLON, Aouregan
   SAVAR, Veronique
   Bertin, Thomas
   Peyrat, Marion
   DUVAL, Audrey
   LHAUTE, Korian
   Arnich, Nathalie
   Hort, Vincent
   Nicoals, Marina
AS 1:1;2:2;3:2;4:1;5:3;6:3;7:2;8:1;9:4;10:3;11:3;
FF 1:PDG-ODE-PHYTOX-METALG;2:PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERBO;3:PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERBO;4:PDG-ODE-PHYTOX-METALG;5:;6:;7:PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERBO;8:PDG-ODE-PHYTOX-METALG;9:;10:;11:;
C1 IFREMER (French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea)/PHYTOX/METALG, F-44311 Nantes, France
   IFREMER/LITTORAL/LER-BO, F-29900 Concarneau, France
   Laboratory for Food Safety, Pesticides and Marine Biotoxins Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
   Risk Assessment Department, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES), 94701 Maisons-Alfort, France
C2 IFREMER, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   ANSES, FRANCE
   ANSES, FRANCE
SI NANTES
   CONCARNEAU
SE PDG-ODE-PHYTOX-METALG
   PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERBO
IN WOS Ifremer UPR
   DOAJ
   copubli-france
IF 5.4
TC 5
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00848/96021/104026.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00848/96021/104027.zip
LA English
DT Article
DE ;shellfish;brevetoxins;cyclic imines;cyanotoxins;BMAA;LC-MS/MS
AB Shellfish accumulate microalgal toxins, which can make them unsafe for human consumption. In France, in accordance with EU regulations, three groups of marine toxins are currently under official monitoring: lipophilic toxins, saxitoxins, and domoic acid. Other unregulated toxin groups are also present in European shellfish, including emerging lipophilic and hydrophilic marine toxins (e.g., pinnatoxins, brevetoxins) and the neurotoxin β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA). To acquire data on emerging toxins in France, the monitoring program EMERGTOX was set up along the French coasts in 2018. Three new broad-spectrum LC-MS/MS methods were developed to quantify regulated and unregulated lipophilic and hydrophilic toxins and the BMAA group in shellfish (bivalve mollusks and gastropods). A single-laboratory validation of each of these methods was performed. Additionally, these specific, reliable, and sensitive operating procedures allowed the detection of groups of EU unregulated toxins in shellfish samples from French coasts: spirolides (SPX-13-DesMeC, SPX-DesMeD), pinnatoxins (PnTX-G, PnTX-A), gymnodimines (GYM-A), brevetoxins (BTX-2, BTX-3), microcystins (dmMC-RR, MC-RR), anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin and BMAA/DAB. Here, we present essentially the results of the unregulated toxins obtained from the French EMERGTOX monitoring plan during the past five years (2018–2022). Based on our findings, we outline future needs for monitoring to protect consumers from emerging unregulated toxins. 
PY 2023
PD AUG
SO Marine Drugs
SN 1660-3397
PU MDPi
VL 21
IS 8
UT 001057039600001
DI 10.3390/md21080435
ID 96021
ER

EF