FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Millennial atmospheric CO2 changes linked to ocean ventilation modes over past 150,000 years BT AF Yu, J. Anderson, R. F. Jin, Z. D. Ji, X. Thornalley, D. J. R. Wu, L. Thouveny, N. Cai, Y. Tan, L. Zhang, F. Menviel, L. Tian, J. Xie, X. Rohling, E. J. McManus, J. F. AS 1:1,2,3;2:4;3:3,5,6;4:;5:7;6:1,8;7:9;8:6;9:3,6;10:;11:10;12:11;13:11;14:2,12;15:4; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;14:;15:; C1 Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an, China Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA Open Studio for Oceanic–Continental Climate and Environment Changes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China CEREGE, Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll de Fr, Aix en Provence, France Climate Change Research Centre, Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK C2 LAOSHAN LAB, CHINA UNIV AUSTRALIAN NATL, AUSTRALIA CHINESE ACAD SCI, CHINA UNIV COLUMBIA, USA LAOSHAN LAB, CHINA UNIV XI AN JIAO TONG, CHINA UNIV COLL LONDON, UK UNIV OCEAN CHINA, CHINA UNIV AIX MARSEILLE, FRANCE UNIV NEW S WALES, AUSTRALIA UNIV TONGJI, CHINA UNIV SOUTHAMPTON, UK IF 18.3 TC 0 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105840.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105841.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105842.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105843.webp https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105844.webp https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105845.webp https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105846.webp https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105847.webp https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105848.webp https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105849.webp https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105850.webp https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105851.webp https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00859/97071/105852.webp LA English DT Article CR IMAGES 1-MD101 MD 123 / GEOSCIENCES 1 VT 90 / SOUC BO Marion Dufresne AB Ice core measurements show diverse atmospheric CO2 variations—increasing, decreasing or remaining stable—during millennial-scale North Atlantic cold periods called stadials. The reasons for these contrasting trends remain elusive. Ventilation of carbon-rich deep oceans can profoundly affect atmospheric CO2, but its millennial-scale history is poorly constrained. Here we present a well-dated high-resolution deep Atlantic acidity record over the past 150,000 years, which reveals five hitherto undetected modes of stadial ocean ventilation with different consequences for deep-sea carbon storage and associated atmospheric CO2 changes. Our data provide observational evidence to show that strong and often volumetrically extensive Southern Ocean ventilation released substantial amounts of deep-sea carbon during stadials when atmospheric CO2 rose prominently. By contrast, other stadials were characterized by weak ventilation via both Southern Ocean and North Atlantic, which promoted respired carbon accumulation and thus curtailed or reversed deep-sea carbon losses, resulting in diminished rises or even declines in atmospheric CO2. Our findings demonstrate that millennial-scale changes in deep-sea carbon storage and atmospheric CO2 are modulated by multiple ocean ventilation modes through the interplay of the two polar regions, rather than by the Southern Ocean alone, which is critical for comprehensive understanding of past and future carbon cycle adjustments to climate change. PY 2023 PD DEC SO Nature Geoscience SN 1752-0894 PU Springer Science and Business Media LLC VL 16 IS 12 UT 001089878800001 BP 1166 EP 1173 DI 10.1038/s41561-023-01297-x ID 97071 ER EF