FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Sea ice-ocean coupling during Heinrich Stadials in the Atlantic–Arctic gateway BT AF El bani Altuna, Naima Ezat, Mohamed M. Smik, Lukas Muschitiello, Francesco Belt, Simon T. Knies, Jochen Rasmussen, Tine L. AS 1:1;2:1;3:2,3;4:4;5:5;6:5;7:1; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:; C1 Department of Geosciences, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, 9010, Tromsø, Norway Biogeochemistry Research Centre, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK Centre for Resilience in Environment, Water and Waste, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1BY, UK Geological Survey of Norway, 7040, Trondheim, Norway C2 UNIV ARCTIC NORWAY, NORWAY UNIV PLYMOUTH, UK UNIV EXETER, UK UNIV CAMBRIDGE, UK GEOL SURVEY NORWAY, NORWAY IN DOAJ IF 4.6 TC 1 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00872/98344/107697.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00872/98344/107698.docx LA English DT Article CR IMAGES 1-MD101 BO Marion Dufresne AB The variability of Arctic sea-ice during abrupt stadial-interstadial shifts in the last glacial period remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the millennial-scale relationship, with a focus on Heinrich Stadials (HS), between sea-ice cover and bottom water temperature (BWT) during Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3 and 2 (64–13 ka) in the Fram Strait using new molecular sea ice biomarker data and published benthic foraminiferal BWT records. Widespread spring sea-ice cover (SpSIC) dominated the studied interval, especially in mid-late MIS 3 (45–29 ka). Yet, warm interstadials were characterized by relatively more open-ocean conditions compared to cold stadials. At the transition between a HS and the subsequent interstadial, sea ice was tightly linked to BWT with rapid reductions in SpSIC coinciding with lower BWT at the end of HS. The relative timing of the events, especially during HS 1, points to ocean warming as the key controlling factor for sea ice reduction at millennial timescales. PY 2024 PD JAN SO Scientific Reports SN 2045-2322 PU Springer Science and Business Media LLC VL 14 IS 1 UT 001142462100049 DI 10.1038/s41598-024-51532-7 ID 98344 ER EF