FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Geological evidence of extensive N-fixation by volcanic lightning during very large explosive eruptions
BT 
AF Aroskay, Adeline
   Martin, Erwan
   Bekki, Slimane
   LE PENNEC, Jean-Luc
   Savarino, Joël
   Temel, Abidin
   Manrique, Nelida
   Aguilar, Rigoberto
   Rivera, Marco
   Guillou, Hervé
   Balcone-Boissard, Hélène
   Phelip, Océane
   Szopa, Sophie
AS 1:1;2:1;3:2;4:3;5:4;6:5;7:6;8:6;9:7;10:8;11:1;12:1;13:8;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;
C1 Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (ISTeP - UMR7193), Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
   Laboratoire Atmosphère, Obsevation spaticale (LATMOS - UMR 8190), Sorbonne Uiversité, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Paris 75005, France
   Geo-Ocean, University of Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR6538, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Plouzané 29280, France
   Institut des Géiosciences et de l’Environnement (IGE - UMR 5001), Université de Grenoble, Saint Martin d’Hères 38400, France
   Department of Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico, Arequipa, Yanahuara 04013, PeruGeological Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Beytepe 06800, Turkey
   Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico, Arequipa, Yanahuara 04013, Peru
   Instituto Geofísico del Perú Observatorio Vulcanológico del Sur, Arequipa, Sachaca 04013, Peru
   Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE - UMR8212), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette 91491, France
C2 UNIV SORBONNE, FRANCE
   UNIV SORBONNE, FRANCE
   IRD, FRANCE
   UNIV GRENOBLE, FRANCE
   INGEMMET, TURKEY
   INGEMMET, PERU
   INST GEOFIS PERU, PERU
   UNIV PARIS SACLAY, FRANCE
UM GEO-OCEAN
IN WOS Cotutelle UMR
   copubli-france
   copubli-univ-france
IF 11.1
TC 0
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00876/98783/108432.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00876/98783/108433.pdf
LA English
DT Article
DE ;fixation;volcanic lightning;nitrate | O;isotopes
AB Most of the nitrogen (N) accessible for life is trapped in dinitrogen (N2), the most stable atmospheric molecule. In order to be metabolized by living organisms, N2 has to be converted into biologically assimilable forms, so-called fixed N. Nowadays, nearly all the N-fixation is achieved through biological and anthropogenic processes. However, in early prebiotic environments of the Earth, N-fixation must have occurred via natural abiotic processes. One of the most invoked processes is electrical discharges, including from thunderstorms and lightning associated with volcanic eruptions. Despite the frequent occurrence of volcanic lightning during explosive eruptions and convincing laboratory experimentation, no evidence of substantial N-fixation has been found in any geological archive. Here, we report on the discovery of a significant amount of nitrate in volcanic deposits from Neogene caldera-forming eruptions, which are well correlated with the concentrations of species directly emitted by volcanoes (sulfur, chlorine). The multi-isotopic composition (δ18O, Δ17O) of the nitrates reveals that they originate from the atmospheric oxidation of nitrogen oxides formed by volcanic lightning. According to these first geological volcanic nitrate archive, we estimate that, on average, about 60 Tg of N can be fixed during a large explosive event. Our findings hint at a unique role potentially played by subaerial explosive eruptions in supplying essential ingredients for the emergence of life on Earth. 
PY 2024
PD FEB
SO Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America
SN 0027-8424
PU National Academy of Sciences
VL 121
IS 7
UT 001169063600006
DI 10.1073/pnas.2309131121
ID 98783
ER

EF