FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Effects of Balanced Motions and Unbalanced Internal Waves on Steric Height in the Mid‐Latitude Ocean BT AF Zhang, Xiujie Yu, Xiaolong PONTE, Aurelien Gong, Wenping AS 1:1;2:1,2,3;3:4;4:1,2; FF 1:;2:;3:PDG-ODE-LOPS-OC;4:; C1 School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Zhuhai, China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) Zhuhai ,China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Physical and Geological Processes Third Institute of Oceanography Xiamen ,China Ifremer Université de Brest CNRS IRD Laboratoire D’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale IUEM Brest ,France C2 UNIV SUN YAT SEN, CHINA SOUTHERN MARINE SCI ENG GUANGDONG LAB (GUANGZHOU), CHINA TIO, CHINA IFREMER, FRANCE SI BREST SE PDG-ODE-LOPS-OC UM LOPS IN WOS Ifremer UMR copubli-int-hors-europe copubli-sud IF 5.2 TC 0 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00883/99479/109538.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00883/99479/109539.pdf LA English DT Article DE ;steric height;submesoscale motions;internal waves;SWOT AB The baroclinic component of the sea surface height, referred to as steric height, is governed by geostrophically balanced motions and unbalanced internal waves, and thus is an essential indicator of ocean interior dynamics. Using yearlong measurements from a mooring array, we assess the distribution of upper‐ocean steric height across frequencies and spatial scales of O (1–20 km) in the northeast Atlantic. Temporal decomposition indicates that the two largest contributors to steric height variance are large‐scale atmospheric forcing (32.8%) and mesoscale eddies (34.1%), followed by submesoscale motions (15.2%), semidiurnal internal tides (8%), super‐tidal variability (6.1%) and near‐inertial motions (3.8%). Structure function diagnostics further reveal the seasonality and scale dependence of steric height variance. In winter, steric height is dominated by balanced motions across all resolved scales, whereas in summer, unbalanced internal waves become the leading‐order contributor to steric height at scales of O (1 km). PY 2024 PD MAR SO Geophysical Research Letters SN 0094-8276 PU American Geophysical Union (AGU) VL 51 IS 6 UT 001188261900001 DI 10.1029/2023GL106480 ID 99479 ER EF