Shrimp aquaculture status of Ca Mau and Tra Vinh provinces in the Mekong Delta was analysed based on environmental and farming practice aspects. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) can explain why the effect of dry and rainy season is more of stronger in Tra Vinh than Ca Mau. The main discriminant variables in the study areas appearing in PCA are particulate matter and photosynthesis variables. Hierarchical classification of water quality in dry season identified 7 groups mainly influenced by total suspended solid (TSS) primary productivity and chlorophyll total. Multivariate classification of shrimp farms based on pond structure and farming techniques give six farm groups influenced by stocking density, pond area, pond age and PL age.