This approach of the French sardine fishery shows mainly that pelagic trawlers are targeting less and less sardine, year after year. In an assessment approach, it would be necessary to define an estimation of fishing effort, but it will be very difficult. We are able to compt the number of fishing days, but not the time of fishing (or number of shoots for example for purse seiners) or time of searching schools. So, accessibility and catchability could be certainly more accurate than the fishing effort for assesment purposes.