Increasing development of aquaculture business has thrown up new requirements in terms of prevention and control of mollusc diseases. In closed structures, one way to reduce infectious risk is to make use of anti-infectives . Specific drugs like antibiotics should be used only for therapeutic purpose against identified agents. Less specific anti-infectives like disinfectants could be employed for preventive and also for curative goals against causal pathogens and opportunist agents. A critical analysis synthesizes the bibliography available on disinfection in mollusc hatcheries and nurseries. Physical and chemical tools are reviewed then selected depending on four criteria: (1) efficiency against most important pathogens of molluscs, (2) safety for animals, operator and environment, (3) ease of use regarding to the specificities of this rearing and (4) finally cost. Further developpements will also include experimental assays to assess this choice. First collected information suggest that disinfection should be more considered and could be integrated in a Good Practice Programme, including routine management procedures but also disinfection plan in the case of disease outbreak.