Interglacials of the last 800,000 years
| Type | Article | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | 2016-03 | ||||||||||||||||
| Language | English | ||||||||||||||||
| Author(s) | Berger A.1, Crucifix M.1, Hodell D. A.2, Mangili C.3, McManus J. F.3, Otto-Bliesner B.4, Pol K.5, Raynaud D.6, Skinner L. C.6, Tzedakis P. C.7, Wolff E. W.2, Yin Q. Z.1, Abe-Ouchi A.8, Barbante C.9, Brovkin V.10, Cacho I.11, Capron E.5, Ferretti P.9, Ganopolski A.12, Grimalt J. O.13, Hoenisch B.13, Kawamura K.14, Landais A.15, Margari V.7, Martrat B.13, Masson-Delmotte V.15, Mokeddem Zohra16, Parrenin F.6, Prokopenko A. A.17, Rashid H.18, Schulz M.19, Riveiros N. Vazquez15 | ||||||||||||||||
| Affiliation(s) | 1 : Catholic Univ Louvain, Earth & Life Inst, Louvain La Neuve, Belgium. 2 : Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. 3 : Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA. 4 : Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. 5 : British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England. 6 : CNRS UJF, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, Grenoble, France. 7 : UCL, Dept Geog, London, England. 8 : Univ Tokyo, Atmosphere & Ocean Res Inst, Tokyo, Japan. 9 : CNR IDPA, Venice, Italy. 10 : Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Bundesstr 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. 11 : Univ Barcelona, Dept Stratig Paleontol & Marine Geosci, Barcelona, Spain. 12 : Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Potsdam, Germany. 13 : CSIC, Barcelona, Spain. 14 : Natl Inst Polar Res, Tokyo, Japan. 15 : Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France. 16 : Inst Francais Rech Exploitat Mer, Plouzane, France. 17 : Univ S Carolina, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. 18 : Mem Univ Newfoundland, Earth Sci, St John, NF, Canada. 19 : Univ Bremen, Ctr Marine Environm Sci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. |
||||||||||||||||
| Source | Reviews Of Geophysics (8755-1209) (Amer Geophysical Union), 2016-03 , Vol. 54 , N. 1 , P. 162-219 | ||||||||||||||||
| DOI | 10.1002/2015RG000482 | ||||||||||||||||
| WOS© Times Cited | 311 | ||||||||||||||||
| Keyword(s) | interglacials, review, quaternary | ||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | Interglacials, including the present (Holocene) period, are warm, low land ice extent (high sea level), end-members of glacial cycles. Based on a sea level definition, we identify eleven interglacials in the last 800,000years, a result that is robust to alternative definitions. Data compilations suggest that despite spatial heterogeneity, Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 5e (last interglacial) and 11c (similar to 400ka ago) were globally strong (warm), while MIS 13a (similar to 500ka ago) was cool at many locations. A step change in strength of interglacials at 450ka is apparent only in atmospheric CO2 and in Antarctic and deep ocean temperature. The onset of an interglacial (glacial termination) seems to require a reducing precession parameter (increasing Northern Hemisphere summer insolation), but this condition alone is insufficient. Terminations involve rapid, nonlinear, reactions of ice volume, CO2, and temperature to external astronomical forcing. The precise timing of events may be modulated by millennial-scale climate change that can lead to a contrasting timing of maximum interglacial intensity in each hemisphere. A variety of temporal trends is observed, such that maxima in the main records are observed either early or late in different interglacials. The end of an interglacial (glacial inception) is a slower process involving a global sequence of changes. Interglacials have been typically 10-30ka long. The combination of minimal reduction in northern summer insolation over the next few orbital cycles, owing to low eccentricity, and high atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations implies that the next glacial inception is many tens of millennia in the future. | ||||||||||||||||
| Full Text |
|