Salinity influences disease-induced mortality of the oyster Crassostrea gigas and infectivity of the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)
| Type | Article | ||||||||||||
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| Date | 2016 | ||||||||||||
| Language | English | ||||||||||||
| Author(s) | Fuhrmann Marine1, Petton Bruno 2, Quillien Virgile1, Faury Nicole3, Morga Benjamin3, Pernet Fabrice1 |
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| Affiliation(s) | 1 : IFREMER, LEMAR UMR 6539, Technopole Brest Iroise, F-29280 Plouzane, France. 2 : IFREMER, LEMAR UMR 6539, F-29840 Presquile De Vivier, Argenton, France. 3 : IFREMER, Lab Genet & Pathol, Ave Mus Loup, F-17390 La Tremblade, France. |
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| Source | Aquaculture Environment Interactions (1869-215X) (Inter-research), 2016 , Vol. 8 , P. 543-552 | ||||||||||||
| DOI | 10.3354/aei00197 | ||||||||||||
| WOS© Times Cited | 31 | ||||||||||||
| Keyword(s) | Bivalve, Herpesviridae, Infection, Disease transmission, Risk analysis | ||||||||||||
| Abstract | Mortality of young Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas associated with the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) is occurring worldwide. Here, we examined for the first time the effect of salinity on OsHV-1 transmission and disease-related mortality of C. gigas, as well as salinity-related effects on the pathogen itself. To obtain donors for OsHV-1 transmission, we transferred laboratory-raised oysters to an estuary during a disease outbreak and then back to the laboratory. Oysters that tested OsHV-1 positive were placed in seawater tanks (35‰, 21°C). Water from these tanks was used to infect naïve oysters in 2 experimental setups: (1) oysters acclimated or non-acclimated to a salinity of 10, 15, 25 and 35‰ and (2) oysters acclimated to a salinity of 25‰; the latter were exposed to OsHV-1 water diluted to a salinity of 10 or 25‰. The survival of oysters exposed to OsHV-1 water and acclimated to a salinity of 10‰ was >95%, compared to only 43 to 73% survival in oysters acclimated to higher salinities (Expt 1), reflecting differences in the levels of OsHV-1 DNA and viral gene expression (Expts 1 and 2). However, the survival of their non-acclimated counterparts was only 23% (Expt 2), and the levels of OsHV-1 DNA and the expression of 4 viral genes were low (Expt 1). Thus, OsHV-1 may not have been the ultimate cause of mortality in non-acclimated oysters weakened by a salinity shock. It appears that reducing disease risk by means of low salinity is unlikely in the field. | ||||||||||||
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