Morphological and genetic diversity of Beaufort Sea diatoms with high contributions from the Chaetoceros neogracilis species complex

Type Article
Date 2017-02
Language English
Author(s) Balzano Sergio1, 4, Percopo Isabella2, Siano Raffaele3, Gourvil Priscillia1, Chanoine Melanie1, Marie Dominique1, Vaulot Daniel1, Sarno Diana2
Affiliation(s) 1 : UPMC Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, CNRS, Stn Biol Roscoff,UMR 7144, F-29680 Roscoff, France.
2 : Stn Zool Anton Dohrn, Integrat Marine Ecol Dept, I-80121 Naples, Italy.
3 : IFREMER, Dyneco Pelagos, BP 70, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
4 : Nioz Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Marine Microbiol & Biogeochem, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Texel, Netherlands.
Source Journal Of Phycology (0022-3646) (Wiley), 2017-02 , Vol. 53 , N. 1 , P. 161-187
DOI 10.1111/jpy.12489
WOS© Times Cited 45
Keyword(s) biogeography, ITS, ITS2 secondary structure, LSU, morphology, phylogeny, polar diatoms, SSU
Abstract Seventy-five diatoms strains isolated from the Beaufort Sea (Canadian Arctic) in the summer of 2009 were characterized by light and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) as well as 18S and 28S rRNA gene sequencing. These strains group into 20 genotypes and 17 morphotypes and are affiliated with the genera Arcocellulus, Attheya, Chaetoceros, Cylindrotheca, Eucampia, Nitzschia, Porosira, Pseudo-nitzschia, Shionodiscus, Thalassiosira, Synedropsis. Most of the species have a distribution confined to the northern/polar area. Chaetoceros neogracilis and Chaetoceros gelidus were the most represented taxa. Strains of C. neogracilis were morphologically similar and shared identical 18S rRNA gene sequences, but belonged to four distinct genetic clades based on 28S rRNA, ITS-1 and ITS-2 phylogenies. Secondary structure prediction revealed that these four clades differ in hemi-compensatory base changes (HCBCs) in paired positions of the ITS-2, suggesting their inability to interbreed. Reproductively isolated C. neogracilis genotypes can thus co-occur in summer phytoplankton communities in the Beaufort Sea. Chaetoceros neogracilis generally occurred as single cells but can also form short colonies. It is phylogenetically distinct from an Antarctic species, erroneously identified in some previous studies as C. neogracilis but named here as Chaetoceros sp. This work provides taxonomically validated sequences for 20 Arctic diatom taxa, which will facilitate future metabarcoding studies on phytoplankton in this region.
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Balzano Sergio, Percopo Isabella, Siano Raffaele, Gourvil Priscillia, Chanoine Melanie, Marie Dominique, Vaulot Daniel, Sarno Diana (2017). Morphological and genetic diversity of Beaufort Sea diatoms with high contributions from the Chaetoceros neogracilis species complex. Journal Of Phycology, 53(1), 161-187. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1111/jpy.12489 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00356/46718/