Quasi-3D seismic reflection imaging, and wide-angle velocity structure of nearly amagmatic oceanic lithosphere at the ultra-slow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge
Type | Article | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Date | 2017-12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Language | English | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Author(s) | Momoh Ekeabino1, Cannat Mathilde1, Watremez Louise2, 3, Leroy Sylvie2, Singh Satish C.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliation(s) | 1 : Inst Phys Globe Paris, Geosci Marines, Paris, France. 2 : Sorbonne Univ, ISTeP, UPMC, CNRS UMR 7193, Paris 05, France. 3 : Univ Lille, CNRS, Univ Littoral Cote dOpale, UMR 8187,LOG, Lille, France. |
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Source | Journal Of Geophysical Research-solid Earth (2169-9313) (Amer Geophysical Union), 2017-12 , Vol. 122 , N. 12 , P. 9511-9533 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DOI | 10.1002/2017JB014754 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
WOS© Times Cited | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Keyword(s) | amagmatic, ultraslow mid-ocean ridge, 3-D seismic, tomography, detachment fault, damage zone | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Abstract | We present results from 3D processing of 2D seismic data shot along 100 m-spaced profiles in a 1.8 km wide by 24 km long box during the SISMOSMOOTH 2014 cruise. The study is aimed at understanding the oceanic crust formed at an end-member mid-ocean ridge environment of nearly zero melt supply. Three distinct packages of reflectors are imaged: (1) south-facing reflectors which we propose correspond to the damage zone induced by the active axial detachment fault. Reflectors in the damage zone have dips up to 60° and are visible down to 5 km below the seafloor; (2) series of north-dipping reflectors in the hanging wall of the detachment fault. These reflectors may correspond to damage zone inherited from a previous, north-dipping detachment fault, or small offset recent faults, conjugate from the active detachment fault, that served as conduits for isolated magmatic dykes; (3) discontinuous but coherent flat-lying reflectors at shallow depths (< 1.5 km below the seafloor), and at depths between 4 and 5 km below the seafloor. Comparing these deeper flat lying reflectors with the wide-angle velocity model obtained from ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) data next to the 3D box shows that they correspond to parts of the model with P-wave velocity of 6.5-8 km/s suggesting that they occur in the transition between lower crust and upper mantle. The 4-5 km layer with crustal P-wave velocities is interpreted as primarily due to serpentinization and fracturation of the exhumed mantle-derived peridotites in the footwall of active and past detachment faults. |
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