Large-scale genetic panmixia in the blue shark ( Prionace glauca ): a single worldwide population, or a genetic lag-time effect of the “grey zone” of differentiation?

Type Article
Date 2018-06
Language English
Author(s) Bailleul Diane1, 2, Mackenzie Alicia1, 2, Sacchi Olivier1, 2, Poisson Francois1, Bierne Nicolas2, 3, Arnaud-Haond SophieORCID1, 2
Affiliation(s) 1 : IFREMER, UMR MARBEC, Stn Sete, Sete, France.
2 : Univ Montpellier, OREME Stn Marine, Sete, France.
3 : Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Inst Sci Evolut, Montpellier, France.
Source Evolutionary Applications (1752-4571) (Wiley), 2018-06 , Vol. 11 , N. 5 , P. 614-630
DOI 10.1111/eva.12591
WOS© Times Cited 34
Keyword(s) blue shark, conservation, fisheries, genetic panmixia, Prionace glauca, stock
Abstract

The blue shark Prionace glauca, among the most common and widely studied pelagic sharks, is a top predator, exhibiting the widest distribution range. However, little is known about its population structure and spatial dynamics. With an estimated removal of 10 to 20 million individuals per year by fisheries, the species is classified as “Near Threatened” by International Union for Conservation of Nature. We lack the knowledge to forecast the long-term consequences of such a huge removal on this top predator itself and on its trophic network. The genetic analysis of more than 200 samples collected at broad scale (from Mediterranean Sea, North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans) using mtDNA and nine microsatellite markers allowed to detect signatures of genetic bottlenecks but a nearly complete genetic homogeneity across the entire studied range. This apparent panmixia could be explained by a genetic lag-time effect illustrated by simulations of demographic changes that were not detectable through standard genetic analysis before a long transitional phase here introduced as the “population grey zone”. The results presented here can thus encompass distinct explanatory scenarios spanning from a single demographic population to several independent populations. This limitation prevents the genetic-based delineation of stocks and thus the ability to anticipate the consequences of severe depletions at all scales. More information is required for the conservation of population(s) and managements of stocks, which may be provided by large scale sampling not only of individuals worldwide, but also of loci genome-wide.

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Bailleul Diane, Mackenzie Alicia, Sacchi Olivier, Poisson Francois, Bierne Nicolas, Arnaud-Haond Sophie (2018). Large-scale genetic panmixia in the blue shark ( Prionace glauca ): a single worldwide population, or a genetic lag-time effect of the “grey zone” of differentiation? Evolutionary Applications, 11(5), 614-630. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12591 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00417/52866/