DOI 10.1111/1462-2920.13429 Marine Bacteroidetes have pronounced capabilities of degrading high molecular weight organic matter such as proteins and polysaccharides. Previously we reported on 76 Bacteroidetes-affiliated fosmids from the North Atlantic Ocean's boreal polar and oligotrophic subtropical provinces. Here, we report on the analysis of further 174 fosmids from the same libraries. The combined, re-assembled dataset (226 contigs; 8.8 Mbp) suggests that planktonic Bacteroidetes at the oligotrophic southern station use more peptides and bacterial and animal polysaccharides, whereas Bacteroidetes at the polar station (East-Greenland Current) use more algal and plant polysaccharides. The latter agrees with higher abundances of algae and terrigenous organic matter, including plant material, at the polar station. Results were corroborated by in-depth bioinformatic analysis of 14 polysaccharide utilisation loci from both stations, suggesting laminarin-specificity for four and specificity for sulfated xylans for two loci. In addition, one locus from the polar station supported use of nonsulfated xylans and mannans, possibly of plant origin. While peptides likely represent a prime source of carbon for Bacteroidetes in open oceans, our data suggest that as yet unstudied clades of these Bacteroidetes have a surprisingly broad capacity for polysaccharide degradation. In particular, laminarin-specific PULs seem widespread and thus must be regarded as globally important.
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Publisher's official version | 15 | 414 Ko | ||
Fig. S1. Map of the VISION cruise track with sampled stations S2–S19 and boundaries of the Boreal Polar (BPLR), Arctic (ARCT), North Atlantic Drift (NADR) and North Atlantic Subtropical (NAST) ... | 1 | 759 Ko | ||
Fig. S2. Unrooted phylogenetic tree of the GH16 family glycoside hydrolases present on contigs VISS3_015, VISS3_033, VISS18_021, and VISS18_090. Phylogenetic trees were calculated using the ... | 1 | 83 Ko | ||
Fig. S3. Unrooted phylogenetic tree of the GH3 family glycoside hydrolases present on contigs VISS3_015, VISS3_016, VISS3_033, VISS18_012, VISS18_021, and ... | 1 | 84 Ko | ||
Fig. S4. Unrooted phylogenetic tree of the GH5 family glycoside hydrolases present on contigs VISS18_012 and VISS18_040. Phylogenetic trees were calculated using ... | 1 | 82 Ko | ||
Fig. S5. Unrooted phylogenetic tree of the GH13 family glycoside hydrolases present on contig VISS18_034. Phylogenetic trees were calculated following the ... | 1 | 96 Ko | ||
Fig. S6. Mauve (Darling et al., 2010) alignments of PUL‐carrying contigs from station 3 and 18. Locally collinear blocks (LCB) that are similar between contigs are ... | 1 | 2 Mo | ||
Table S1. Overview of sampling stations S3 and S18 of the 2006 VISION cruise of the research vessel Maria S. Merian (cruise MSM03/01). Further... | 1 | 42 Ko | ||
Table S2. Carbohydrate‐active enzymes in the PUL‐containing contigs from stations S3 and S18. Annotations include gene identifiers (locus tags), closest ... | 2 | 61 Ko | ||
Table S3. Predictions of the subcellular locations of the carbohydrate‐active enzymes in the PUL‐containing contigs from stations 3 and 18. | 2 | 47 Ko | ||
Table S4. Predicted taxonomic affiliations of the S3 and S18 contigs based on evidences derived from the gene's BLASTp hits to the NCBI nr database and ... | - | 31 Ko | ||
Table S5. E‐value thresholds used for automated CAZyme family detection. Searches were performed against the CAZy database, the dbCAN database and the Pfam... | 1 | 57 Ko | ||
Table S6. NCBI GenPept labels and accession numbers of the GH3, GH5, GH13 and GH16 proteins that were used in phylogenetic analyses. | 1 | 70 Ko | ||
Author's final draft | 41 | 1 Mo |
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