Multi-Laboratory Hazard Assessment of Contaminated Microplastic Particles by Means of Enhanced Fish Embryo Test With the Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Type Article
Date 2019-09
Language English
Author(s) Cormier Bettie1, 2, Batel Anika3, Cachot Jerome2, Begout Marie-LaureORCID4, Braunbeck Thomas3, Cousin XavierORCID5, 6, Keiter Steffen H1
Affiliation(s) 1 : Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
2 : University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR CNRS 5805, Pessac, France
3 : Aquatic Ecology and Toxicology Group, Center for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
4 : Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, IFREMER, L'Houmeau, France
5 : IFREMER, L3AS, UMR MARBEC, Palavas-les-Flots, France
6 : UMR GABI INRA, AgroParisTech, University Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
Source Frontiers In Environmental Science (2296-665X) (Frontiers Media SA), 2019-09 , Vol. 7 , N. 135 , P. 14p.
DOI 10.3389/fenvs.2019.00135
WOS© Times Cited 28
Keyword(s) fish embryotoxicity test (FET), swimming behavior, EROD, cyp1a, perfluorooctane sulfonate, benzo[a]pyrene, oxybenzone
Abstract

As wide-spread pollutants in the marine environment, microplastics (MPs) have raised public concern about potential toxic effects in aquatic organisms, and, among others, MPs were suspected to act as a vector for organic pollutants to biota. The purpose of the present study was to investigate effects by three model pollutants, oxybenzone (BP3), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) adsorbed to polyethylene MPs on the basis of a standard assay, the acute fish embryo toxicity test (FET; OECD TG 236) with zebrafish (Danio rerio) supplemented by additional endpoints such as induction of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, modification of cyp1a gene transcription and changes in larval swimming behavior. FET assays were performed in three laboratories using slightly different husbandry and exposure conditions, which, however, were all fully compatible with the limits defined by OECD TG 236. This allowed for testing of potential changes in the FET assay due to protocol variations. The standard endpoints of the FET (acute embryotoxicity) did not reveal any acute toxicity for both virgin MPs and MPs spiked with BP3, BaP, and PFOS. With respect to sublethal endpoints, EROD activity was increased after exposure to MPs spiked with BP3 (3 h pulse) and MPs spiked with BaP (96 h continuous exposure). Cyp1a transcription was increased upon exposure to MPs spiked with BP3 or BaP. For the selected combination of MPs particles and contaminants, the basic FET proved not sensitive enough to reveal effects of (virgin and spiked) MPs. However, given that the FET can easily be supplemented by a broad variety of more subtle and sensitive endpoints, an enhanced FET protocol may provide a relevant approach with developmental stages of a vertebrate animal model, which is not protected by current EU animal welfare legislation (Directive EU 2010/63).

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How to cite 

Cormier Bettie, Batel Anika, Cachot Jerome, Begout Marie-Laure, Braunbeck Thomas, Cousin Xavier, Keiter Steffen H (2019). Multi-Laboratory Hazard Assessment of Contaminated Microplastic Particles by Means of Enhanced Fish Embryo Test With the Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Frontiers In Environmental Science, 7(135), 14p. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2019.00135 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00514/62545/