Fish wariness is a more sensitive indicator to changes in fishing pressure than abundance, length or biomass

Type Article
Date 2017-06
Language English
Author(s) Goetze Jordan S.1, 2, 7, Januchowski-Hartley Fraser A.ORCID3, 8, Claudet JoachimORCID4, Langlois Tim J.1, 2, Wilson Shaun K.1, 5, Jupiter Stacy D.6
Affiliation(s) 1 : Univ Western Australia, UWA Oceans Inst, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
2 : Univ Western Australia, Sch Biol Sci, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
3 : Univ Exeter, Dept Geog, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter, Devon, England.
4 : Natl Ctr Sci Res, CRIOBE, USR CNRS EPHE UPVD 3278, F-66860 Perpignan, France.
5 : Dept Pk & Wildlife, Marine Sci Program, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia.
6 : Wildlife Conservat Soc, Melanesia Program, 11 Maafu St, Suva, Fiji.
7 : Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, Bentley Campus, Perth, WA 6485, Australia.
8 : Univ Montpellier 2, UMR MARBEC ENTROPIE 248 250, Inst Rech Dev, Batiment 24, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
Source Ecological Applications (1051-0761) (Wiley), 2017-06 , Vol. 27 , N. 4 , P. 1178-1189
DOI 10.1002/eap.1511
WOS© Times Cited 56
Keyword(s) artisanal fisheries, catch efficiency, compliance, conservation, customary management, fish behavior, fisheries management, flight initiation distance
Abstract

Identifying the most sensitive indicators to changes in fishing pressure is important for accurately detecting impacts. Biomass is thought to be more sensitive than abundance and length, while the wariness of fishes is emerging as a new metric. Periodically harvested closures (PHCs) that involve the opening and closing of an area to fishing are the most common form of fisheries management in the western Pacific. The opening of PHCs to fishing provides a unique opportunity to compare the sensitivity of metrics, such as abundance, length, biomass and wariness, to changes in fishing pressure. Diver-operated stereo video (stereo-DOV) provides data on fish behavior (using a proxy for wariness, minimum approach distance) simultaneous to abundance and length estimates. We assessed the impact of PHC protection and harvesting on the abundance, length, biomass, and wariness of target species using stereo-DOVs. This allowed a comparison of the sensitivity of these metrics to changes in fishing pressure across four PHCs in Fiji, where spearfishing and fish drives are common. Before PHCs were opened to fishing they consistently decreased the wariness of targeted species but were less likely to increase abundance, length, or biomass. Pulse harvesting of PHCs resulted in a rapid increase in the wariness of fishes but inconsistent impacts across the other metrics. Our results suggest that fish wariness is the most sensitive indicator of fishing pressure, followed by biomass, length, and abundance. The collection of behavioral data simultaneously with abundance, length, and biomass estimates using stereo-DOVs offers a cost-effective indicator of protection or rapid increases in fishing pressure. Stereo-DOVs can rapidly provide large amounts of behavioral data from monitoring programs historically focused on estimating abundance and length of fishes, which is not feasible with visual methods.

Full Text
File Pages Size Access
Publisher's official version 12 876 KB Open access
Data S1 11 KB Open access
Metadata S1 2 192 KB Open access
Top of the page

How to cite 

Goetze Jordan S., Januchowski-Hartley Fraser A., Claudet Joachim, Langlois Tim J., Wilson Shaun K., Jupiter Stacy D. (2017). Fish wariness is a more sensitive indicator to changes in fishing pressure than abundance, length or biomass. Ecological Applications, 27(4), 1178-1189. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1511 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00610/72247/