Vibrio splendidus O-antigen structure: A trade-off between virulence to oysters and resistance to grazers

Type Article
Date 2020-10
Language English
Author(s) Oyanedel Daniel1, 5, Labreuche Yannick2, 3, Bruto Maxime2, 3, Amraoui Hajar5, Robino Etienne1, 5, Haffner Philippe1, Rubio Tristan4, 5, Charrière Guillaume5, Le Roux Frederique2, 3, Destoumieux-Garzón Delphine5
Affiliation(s) 1 : IHPE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia; Montpellier, France
2 : Ifremer, Unité Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins, ZI de la Pointe du Diable, CS 10070; F-29280 Plouzané, France
3 : Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 8227, Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff, CS 90074; F-29688, Roscoff cedex, France
4 : Univ Lyon, CNRS, UMR 5086, Mol Microbiol & Struct Biochem, F-69367 Lyon, France
5 : IHPE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia; Montpellier, France
Source Environmental Microbiology (1462-2912) (Wiley), 2020-10 , Vol. 22 , N. 10 , P. 4264-4278
DOI 10.1111/1462-2920.14996
WOS© Times Cited 11
Note Special Issue on Vibrios – from genes to ecosystems
Abstract

A major debate in evolutionary biology is whether virulence is maintained as an adaptive trait and/or evolves to non‐virulence. In the environment, virulence traits of non‐obligatory parasites are subjected to diverse selective pressures and trade‐offs. Here we focus on a population of Vibrio splendidus that displays moderate virulence for oysters. A MARTX (Multifunctional‐autoprocessing repeats‐in‐toxin) and a type‐six secretion system (T6SS) were found to be necessary for virulence toward oysters, while a region (wbe) involved in O‐antigen synthesis is necessary for resistance to predation against amoebae. Gene inactivation within the wbe region had major consequences on the O‐antigen structure, conferring lower immunogenicity, competitive advantage and increased virulence in oyster experimental infections. Therefore, O‐antigen structures that favor resistance to environmental predators result in an increased activation of the oyster immune system and a reduced virulence in that host. These trade‐offs likely contribute to maintaining O‐antigen diversity in the marine environment by favoring genomic plasticity of the wbe region. The results of this study indicate an evolution of V. splendidus toward moderate virulence as a compromise between fitness in the oyster as a host, and resistance to its predators in the environment.

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Oyanedel Daniel, Labreuche Yannick, Bruto Maxime, Amraoui Hajar, Robino Etienne, Haffner Philippe, Rubio Tristan, Charrière Guillaume, Le Roux Frederique, Destoumieux-Garzón Delphine (2020). Vibrio splendidus O-antigen structure: A trade-off between virulence to oysters and resistance to grazers. Environmental Microbiology, 22(10), 4264-4278. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14996 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00619/73070/