Planck 2018 results: VI. Cosmological parameters

Type Article
Date 2020-09
Language English
Author(s) Aghanim N.54, Akrami Y.15, 57, 59, Ashdown M.5, 65, Aumont J.96, Baccigalupi C.79, Ballardini M.21, 41, Banday A. J.8, 96, Barreiro R. B.61, Bartolo N.29, 62, Basak S.86, Battye R.64, Benabed K.55, 91, Bernard J. -P.8, 96, Bersanelli M.32, 45, Bielewicz P.76, 79, Bock J. J.10, 63, Bond J. R.7, Borrill J.12, 94, Bouchet F. R.55, 91, Boulanger F.54, 55, 90, Bucher M.2, 6, Burigana C.30, 44, 47, Butler R. C.41, Calabrese E.83, Cardoso J. -F.55, 91, Carron J.23, Challinor A.11, 58, 65, Chiang H. C.6, 25, Chluba J.64, Colombo L. P. L.32, Combet C.68, Contreras D.20, Crill B. P.10, 63, Cuttaia F.41, de Bernardis P.31, de Zotti G.42, Delabrouille J.2, Delouis Jean MarcORCID67, Di Valentino E.64, Diego J. M.61, Dore O.10, 63, Douspis M.54, Ducout A.66, Dupac X.35, Dusini S.62, Efstathiou G.58, 65, Elsner F.73, Ensslin T. A.73, Eriksen H. K.59, Fantaye Y.3, 19, Farhang M.77, Fergusson J.11, Fernandez-Cobos R.61, Finelli F.41, 47, Forastieri F.30, 48, Frailis M.43, Fraisse A. A.25, Franceschi E.41, Frolov A.88, Galeotta S.43, Galli S.55, 91, Ganga K.2, Genova-Santos R. T.16, 60, Gerbino M.38, Ghosh T.9, 82, Gonzalez-Nuevo J.17, Gorski K. M.63, 98, Gratton S.58, 65, Gruppuso A.41, 47, Gudmundsson J. E.25, 95, Hamann J.87, Handley W.5, 65, Hansen F. K.59, Herranz D.61, Hildebrandt S. R.10, 63, Hivon E.55, 91, Huang Z.84, Jaffe A. H.53, Jones W. C.25, Karakci A.59, Keihanen E.24, Keskitalo R.12, Kiiveri K.24, 40, Kim J.73, Kisner T. S.71, Knox L.27, Krachmalnico N.79, Kunz M.3, 14, 54, Kurki-Suonio H.24, 40, Lagache G.4, Lamarre J. -M.90, Lasenby A.5, 65, Lattanzi M.30, 48, Lawrence C. R.63, Le Jeune M.2, Lemos P.58, 65, Lesgourgues J.56, Levrier F.90, Lewis A.23, Liguori M.29, 62, Lilje P. B.59, Lilley M.55, 91, Lindholm V.24, 40, Lopez-Caniego M.35, Lubin Pm28, Ma Y. -Z.75, 78, 81, Macias-Perez J. F.68, Maggio G.43, Maino D.32, 45, 49, Mandolesi N.30, 41, Mangilli A.8, Marcos-Caballero A.61, Maris M.43, Martin Pg7, Martinelli M.97, Martinez-Gonzalez E.61, Matarrese S.29, 37, 62, Mauri N.47, McEwen J. D.74, Meinhold P. R.28, Melchiorri A.31, 50, Mennella A.32, 45, Migliaccio M.34, 51, Millea M.27, 55, 89, Mitra S.52, 63, Miville-Deschenes M. -A.1, 54, Molinari D.30, 41, 48, Montier L.8, 96, Morgante G.41, Moss A.85, Natoli P.30, 48, 93, Norgaard-Nielsen H. U.13, Pagano L.30, 48, 54, Paoletti D.41, 47, Partridge B.39, Patanchon G.2, Peiris H. V.22, Perrotta F.79, Pettorino V.1, Piacentini F.31, Polastri L.30, 48, Polenta G.93, Puget J. -L.54, 55, Rachen J. P.18, Reinecke M.73, Remazeilles M.64, Renzi A.62, Rocha G.10, 63, Rosset C.2, Roudier G.2, 63, 90, Rubino-Martin J. A.16, 60, Ruiz-Granados B.16, 60, Salvati L.54, Sandri M.41, Savelainen M.24, 40, 72, Scott D.20, Shellard E. P. S.11, Sirignano C.29, 62, Sirri G.47, Spencer L. D.83, Sunyaev R.73, 92, Suur-Uski A. -S.24, 40, Tauber J. A.36, Tavagnacco D.33, 43, Tenti M.46, Toffolatti L.17, 41, Tomasi M.32, 45, Trombetti T.44, 48, Valenziano L.41, Valiviita J.24, 40, Van Tent B.69, 70, Vibert L.54, 55, Vielva P.61, Villa F.41, Vittorio N.34, Wandelt B. D.55, 91, Wehus I. K.59, White M.26, White S. D. M.73, Zacchei A.43, Zonca A.80
Affiliation(s) 1 : Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris Saclay, CNRS, AIM,CEA,Sorbonne Paris Cite, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
2 : Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Observ Paris, APC,AstroParticule & Cosmol,CNRS,IN2P3,CEA,Irfu, 10 rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France.
3 : African Inst Math Sci, 6-8 Melrose Rd, Cape Town, South Africa.
4 : Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France.
5 : Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
6 : Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, Westville Campus,Private Bag X54001, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa.
7 : Univ Toronto, CITA, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
8 : CNRS, IRAP, 9 Ave Colonel Roche,BP 44346, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
9 : CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
10 : CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
11 : Univ Cambridge, DAMTP, Ctr Theoret Cosmol, Wilberforce Rd, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England.
12 : Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA.
13 : Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
14 : Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, 24 Quai E Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
15 : PSL Res Univ, CNRS, Dept Phys, Ecole Normale Super, 24 Rue Lhomond, F-75005 Paris, France.
16 : Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, Tenerife 38206, Spain.
17 : Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, C Federico Garcia Lorca 18, Oviedo, Spain.
18 : Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands.
19 : Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Math, ZA-7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa.
20 : Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, 6224 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
21 : Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys & Astron, ZA-7535 Cape Town, South Africa.
22 : UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
23 : Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England.
24 : Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Gustaf Hallstromin Katu 2a, Helsinki, Finland.
25 : Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
26 : Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
27 : Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
28 : Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
29 : Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
30 : Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, Via Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy.
31 : Univ Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Ple Moro 2, Rome, Italy.
32 : Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, Milan, Italy.
33 : Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, Via Valerio 2, Trieste, Italy.
34 : Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, Via Ric Sci, Rome, Italy.
35 : European Space Agcy, ESAC, Planck Sci Off, Camino Bajo Castillo S-N, Madrid, Spain.
36 : European Space Agcy, Estec, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands.
37 : INFN, Gran Sasso Sci Inst, Viale F Crispi 7, I-67100 Laquila, Italy.
38 : Argonne Natl Lab, HEP Div, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
39 : Haverford Coll, Dept Astron, 370 Lancaster Ave, Haverford, PA 19041 USA.
40 : Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, Gustaf Hallstromin Katu 2, Helsinki, Finland.
41 : INAF OAS Bologna, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astrofis & Sci Spazio Bologna, Area Ric,CNR, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
42 : INAF Osservatorio Astronomico Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, Padua, Italy.
43 : INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Via GB Tiepolo 11, Trieste, Italy.
44 : INAF, Ist Radioastron, Via Piero Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
45 : INAF IASF Milano, Via E Bassini 15, Milan, Italy.
46 : INFN CNAF, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
47 : INFN, Sez Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
48 : INFN, Sez Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy.
49 : INFN, Sez Milano, Via Celoria 16, Milan, Italy.
50 : Univ Roma Sapienza, INFN, Sez Roma 1, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
51 : Univ Roma Tor Vergata, INFN, Sez Roma 2, Via Ric Sci, Rome, Italy.
52 : IUCAA, Post Bag 4,Pune Univ Campus, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India.
53 : Imperial Coll London, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England.
54 : Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Paris Sud, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, Bat 121, F-91405 Orsay, France.
55 : CNRS, UMR7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, 98Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France.
56 : Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Theoret Teilchenphys & Kosmol, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
57 : Leiden Univ, Inst Lorentz, POB 9506, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
58 : Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
59 : Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, Oslo, Norway.
60 : Inst Astrofis Canarias, C Via Lactea S-N, Tenerife, Spain.
61 : Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, Avda Castros S-N, Santander, Spain.
62 : Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
63 : CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
64 : Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Alan Turing Bldg,Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
65 : Kavli Inst Cosmol Cambridge, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
66 : Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kavli IPMU, UTIAS,WPI, Chiba 2778583, Japan.
67 : Univ Brest, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD,LOPS, Brest, France.
68 : Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS, IN2P3, 53 Rue Martyrs, F-38026 Grenoble, France.
69 : Univ Paris Sud 11, Lab Phys Theor, Batiment 210, F-91405 Orsay, France.
70 : CNRS, Batiment 210, F-91405 Orsay, France.
71 : Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA.
72 : Aalto Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Low Temp Lab, Espoo 00076, Finland.
73 : Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
74 : Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
75 : Univ KwaZulu Natal, NAOC UKZN Computat Astrophys Ctr NUCAC, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa.
76 : Natl Ctr Nucl Res, Ul L Pasteura 7, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland.
77 : Shahid Beheshti Univ, Dept Phys, Tehran 19839, Iran.
78 : Purple Mt Observ, 8 Yuan Hua Rd, Nanjing 210034, Peoples R China.
79 : SISSA, Astrophys Sect, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy.
80 : Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Supercomputer Ctr, 9500 Gilman Dr, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
81 : Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Chem & Phys, Westville Campus,Private Bag X54001, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa.
82 : HBNI, Natl Inst Sci Educ & Res, Sch Phys Sci, Jatni 752050, Odissa, India.
83 : Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Queens Bldg, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales.
84 : Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, 2 Daxue Rd, Tangjia, Zhuhai, Peoples R China.
85 : Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
86 : Indian Inst Sci Educ & Res Thiruvananthapuram, Sch Phys, Maruthamala PO, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India.
87 : Univ New South Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
88 : Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
89 : Sorbonne Univ, Inst Lagrange Paris, 98Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France.
90 : Univ PSL, Ecole Normale Super, CNRS, Sorbonne Univ,Observ Paris,LERMA, F-75005 Paris, France.
91 : Sorbonne Univ, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR7095, 98Bis Blvd Arago, F-75014 Paris, France.
92 : Russian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst IKI, Prof Soyuznaya Str 84-32, Moscow 117997, Russia.
93 : Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Space Sci Data Ctr, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
94 : Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
95 : Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, AlbaNova, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
96 : Univ Toulouse, UPS, OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
97 : Heidelberg Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Philosophenweg 16, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
98 : Univ Warsaw Observ, Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland.
Source Astronomy & Astrophysics (0004-6361) (Edp Sciences S A), 2020-09 , Vol. 641 , N. A6 , P. 67p.
DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/201833910
WOS© Times Cited 1762
Note Section : Cosmology (including clusters of galaxies)
Keyword(s) cosmic background radiation, cosmological parameters
Abstract We present cosmological parameter results from the final full-mission Planck measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies, combining information from the temperature and polarization maps and the lensing reconstruction. Compared to the 2015 results, improved measurements of large-scale polarization allow the reionization optical depth to be measured with higher precision, leading to significant gains in the precision of other correlated parameters. Improved modelling of the small-scale polarization leads to more robust constraints on many parameters, with residual modelling uncertainties estimated to affect them only at the 0.5 sigma level. We find good consistency with the standard spatially-flat 6-parameter Lambda CDM cosmology having a power-law spectrum of adiabatic scalar perturbations (denoted "base Lambda CDM" in this paper), from polarization, temperature, and lensing, separately and in combination. A combined analysis gives dark matter density Omega (c)h(2)=0.120 +/- 0.001, baryon density Omega (b)h(2)=0.0224 +/- 0.0001, scalar spectral index n(s)=0.965 +/- 0.004, and optical depth tau =0.054 +/- 0.007 (in this abstract we quote 68% confidence regions on measured parameters and 95% on upper limits). The angular acoustic scale is measured to 0.03% precision, with 100 theta (*)=1.0411 +/- 0.0003. These results are only weakly dependent on the cosmological model and remain stable, with somewhat increased errors, in many commonly considered extensions. Assuming the base-Lambda CDM cosmology, the inferred (model-dependent) late-Universe parameters are: Hubble constant H-0=(67.4 +/- 0.5) km s(-1) Mpc(-1); matter density parameter Omega (m)=0.315 +/- 0.007; and matter fluctuation amplitude sigma (8)=0.811 +/- 0.006. We find no compelling evidence for extensions to the base-Lambda CDM model. Combining with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements (and considering single-parameter extensions) we constrain the effective extra relativistic degrees of freedom to be N-eff=2.99 +/- 0.17, in agreement with the Standard Model prediction N-eff=3.046, and find that the neutrino mass is tightly constrained to Sigma m(nu)< 0.12 eV. The CMB spectra continue to prefer higher lensing amplitudes than predicted in base CDM at over 2 sigma, which pulls some parameters that affect the lensing amplitude away from the Lambda CDM model; however, this is not supported by the lensing reconstruction or (in models that also change the background geometry) BAO data. The joint constraint with BAO measurements on spatial curvature is consistent with a flat universe, Omega (K)=0.001 +/- 0.002. Also combining with Type Ia supernovae (SNe), the dark-energy equation of state parameter is measured to be w(0)=-1.03 +/- 0.03, consistent with a cosmological constant. We find no evidence for deviations from a purely power-law primordial spectrum, and combining with data from BAO, BICEP2, and Keck Array data, we place a limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r(0.002)< 0.06. Standard big-bang nucleosynthesis predictions for the helium and deuterium abundances for the base-CDM cosmology are in excellent agreement with observations. The Planck base-Lambda CDM results are in good agreement with BAO, SNe, and some galaxy lensing observations, but in slight tension with the Dark Energy Survey's combined-probe results including galaxy clustering (which prefers lower fluctuation amplitudes or matter density parameters), and in significant, 3.6 sigma, tension with local measurements of the Hubble constant (which prefer a higher value). Simple model extensions that can partially resolve these tensions are not favoured by the Planck data.
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Aghanim N., Akrami Y., Ashdown M., Aumont J., Baccigalupi C., Ballardini M., Banday A. J., Barreiro R. B., Bartolo N., Basak S., Battye R., Benabed K., Bernard J. -P., Bersanelli M., Bielewicz P., Bock J. J., Bond J. R., Borrill J., Bouchet F. R., Boulanger F., Bucher M., Burigana C., Butler R. C., Calabrese E., Cardoso J. -F., Carron J., Challinor A., Chiang H. C., Chluba J., Colombo L. P. L., Combet C., Contreras D., Crill B. P., Cuttaia F., de Bernardis P., de Zotti G., Delabrouille J., Delouis Jean Marc, Di Valentino E., Diego J. M., Dore O., Douspis M., Ducout A., Dupac X., Dusini S., Efstathiou G., Elsner F., Ensslin T. A., Eriksen H. K., Fantaye Y., Farhang M., Fergusson J., Fernandez-Cobos R., Finelli F., Forastieri F., Frailis M., Fraisse A. A., Franceschi E., Frolov A., Galeotta S., Galli S., Ganga K., Genova-Santos R. T., Gerbino M., Ghosh T., Gonzalez-Nuevo J., Gorski K. M., Gratton S., Gruppuso A., Gudmundsson J. E., Hamann J., Handley W., Hansen F. K., Herranz D., Hildebrandt S. R., Hivon E., Huang Z., Jaffe A. H., Jones W. C., Karakci A., Keihanen E., Keskitalo R., Kiiveri K., Kim J., Kisner T. S., Knox L., Krachmalnico N., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Lagache G., Lamarre J. -M., Lasenby A., Lattanzi M., Lawrence C. R., Le Jeune M., Lemos P., Lesgourgues J., Levrier F., Lewis A., Liguori M., Lilje P. B., Lilley M., Lindholm V., Lopez-Caniego M., Lubin Pm, Ma Y. -Z., Macias-Perez J. F., Maggio G., Maino D., Mandolesi N., Mangilli A., Marcos-Caballero A., Maris M., Martin Pg, Martinelli M., Martinez-Gonzalez E., Matarrese S., Mauri N., McEwen J. D., Meinhold P. R., Melchiorri A., Mennella A., Migliaccio M., Millea M., Mitra S., Miville-Deschenes M. -A., Molinari D., Montier L., Morgante G., Moss A., Natoli P., Norgaard-Nielsen H. U., Pagano L., Paoletti D., Partridge B., Patanchon G., Peiris H. V., Perrotta F., Pettorino V., Piacentini F., Polastri L., Polenta G., Puget J. -L., Rachen J. P., Reinecke M., Remazeilles M., Renzi A., Rocha G., Rosset C., Roudier G., Rubino-Martin J. A., Ruiz-Granados B., Salvati L., Sandri M., Savelainen M., Scott D., Shellard E. P. S., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Spencer L. D., Sunyaev R., Suur-Uski A. -S., Tauber J. A., Tavagnacco D., Tenti M., Toffolatti L., Tomasi M., Trombetti T., Valenziano L., Valiviita J., Van Tent B., Vibert L., Vielva P., Villa F., Vittorio N., Wandelt B. D., Wehus I. K., White M., White S. D. M., Zacchei A., Zonca A. (2020). Planck 2018 results: VI. Cosmological parameters. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 641(A6), 67p. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833910 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00654/76633/