Ocean Integration: The Needs and Challenges of Effective Coordination Within the Ocean Observing System
Type | Article | ||||||||
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Date | 2022-01 | ||||||||
Language | English | ||||||||
Author(s) | Révelard Adèle1, Tintoré Joaquín1, 2, Verron Jacques3, Bahurel Pierre4, Barth John A.5, Belbéoch Mathieu6, Benveniste Jérôme7, Bonnefond Pascal8, Chassignet Eric P.9, Cravatte Sophie10, Davidson Fraser11, Deyoung Brad12, Heupel Michelle13, Heslop Emma14, Hörstmann Cora15, Karstensen Johannes16, Le Traon Pierre-Yves4, 17, Marques Miguel18, McLean Craig19, Medina Raul20, Paluszkiewicz Theresa21, Pascual Ananda2, Pearlman Jay22, Petihakis George23, Pinardi Nadia24, Pouliquen Sylvie25, Rayner Ralph26, Shepherd Iian27, Sprintall Janet28, Tanhua Toste16, Testor Pierre29, Seppälä Jukka30, Siddorn John31, Thomsen Soeren29, Valdés Luis32, Visbeck Martin16, 33, Waite Anya M.34, Werner Francisco35, Wilkin John36, Williams Ben37 | ||||||||
Affiliation(s) | 1 : Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System (SOCIB), Palma, Spain 2 : Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies (IMEDEA) (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain 3 : Ocean Next, Grenoble, France 4 : Mercator Ocean International, Ramonville-Saint-Agne, France 5 : College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States 6 : OceanOPS, Plouzané, France 7 : European Space Agency—ESRIN, Frascati, Italy 8 : Observatoire de Paris-SYRTE, Paris, France 9 : Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States 10 : LEGOS université de Toulouse, IRD, CNES, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France 11 : Fisheries and Oceans, St John’s, NL, Canada 12 : Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL, Canada 13 : Integrated Marine Observing System, Hobart, TAS, Australia 14 : IOC UNESCO, Paris, France 15 : Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven, Germany 16 : GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany 17 : Ifremer, ODE, Plouzané, France 18 : Blue Info by Skipper & Wool, Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal 19 : National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Silver Spring, MD, United States 20 : IHCantabria—Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain 21 : Octopus Ocean Consulting LLC, Oak Hill, VA, United States 22 : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Paris, France 23 : Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Heraklion, Greece 24 : Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy 25 : Ifremer, IRSI, Plouzané, France 26 : London School of Economics, London, United Kingdom 27 : Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (DG MARE), Bruxelles, Belgium 28 : Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States 29 : CNRS-Sorbonne Universités (Campus Pierre et Marie Curie)-CNRS-IRD-MNHN, UMR 7159, Laboratoire d’Océanographie et de Climatologie (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), Observatoire Ecce Terra, Paris, France 30 : Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland 31 : National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom 32 : Instituto Español de Oceanografía, C.O. de Santander, Santander, Spain 33 : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany 34 : Ocean Frontier Institute and Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada 35 : NOAA Fisheries, Silver Spring, MD, United States 36 : Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States 37 : Fugro, Houston, TX, United States |
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Source | Frontiers In Marine Science (2296-7745) (Frontiers Media SA), 2022-01 , Vol. 8 , P. 737671 (15p.) | ||||||||
DOI | 10.3389/fmars.2021.737671 | ||||||||
WOS© Times Cited | 8 | ||||||||
Keyword(s) | integration, ocean observing, organizational silos, interdisciplinarity, collaboration, ocean science culture, ocean governance and management, coordination | ||||||||
Abstract | Understanding and sustainably managing complex environments such as marine ecosystems benefits from an integrated approach to ensure that information about all relevant components and their interactions at multiple and nested spatiotemporal scales are considered. This information is based on a wide range of ocean observations using different systems and approaches. An integrated approach thus requires effective collaboration between areas of expertise in order to improve coordination at each step of the ocean observing value chain, from the design and deployment of multi-platform observations to their analysis and the delivery of products, sometimes through data assimilation in numerical models. Despite significant advances over the last two decades in more cooperation across the ocean observing activities, this integrated approach has not yet been fully realized. The ocean observing system still suffers from organizational silos due to independent and often disconnected initiatives, the strong and sometimes destructive competition across disciplines and among scientists, and the absence of a well-established overall governance framework. Here, we address the need for enhanced organizational integration among all the actors of ocean observing, focusing on the occidental systems. We advocate for a major evolution in the way we collaborate, calling for transformative scientific, cultural, behavioral, and management changes. This is timely because we now have the scientific and technical capabilities as well as urgent societal and political drivers. The ambition of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021–2030) and the various efforts to grow a sustainable ocean economy and effective ocean protection efforts all require a more integrated approach to ocean observing. After analyzing the barriers that currently prevent this full integration within the occidental systems, we suggest nine approaches for breaking down the silos and promoting better coordination and sharing. These recommendations are related to the organizational framework, the ocean science culture, the system of recognition and rewards, the data management system, the ocean governance structure, and the ocean observing drivers and funding. These reflections are intended to provide food for thought for further dialogue between all parties involved and trigger concrete actions to foster a real transformational change in ocean observing. |
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