Marine heatwaves drive recurrent mass mortalities in the Mediterranean Sea
| Type | Article | ||||||||||||||||
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| Date | 2022-10 | ||||||||||||||||
| Language | English | ||||||||||||||||
| Author(s) | Garrabou Joaquim 1, 2, Gómez‐gras Daniel1, 3, Medrano Alba3, Cerrano Carlo4, 5, Ponti Massimo6, 7, Schlegel Robert8, Bensoussan Nathaniel1, 2, Turicchia Eva6, 7, Sini Maria9, Gerovasileiou Vasilis10, 11, Teixido Nuria8, 12, Mirasole Alice12, Tamburello Laura12, Cebrian Emma13, Rilov Gil14, Ledoux Jean‐baptiste1, 15, Souissi Jamila Ben16, 17, Khamassi Faten16, Ghanem Raouia17, Benabdi Mouloud18, Grimes Samir19, Ocaña Oscar20, Bazairi Hocein21, Hereu Bernat3, Linares Cristina3, Kersting Diego Kurt3, La Rovira Graciel3, Ortega Júlia3, Casals David3, Pagès‐escolà Marta3, Margarit Núria3, Capdevila Pol22, Verdura Jana23, Ramos Alfonso24, Izquierdo Andres25, Barbera Carmen24, Rubio‐portillo Esther26, Anton Irene25, López‐sendino Paula1, Díaz David27, Vázquez‐luis Maite27, Duarte Carlos28, 29, Marbà Nuria29, Aspillaga Eneko29, Espinosa Free30, Grech Daniele31, Guala Ivan31, Azzurro Ernesto12, 32, Farina Simone33, Cristina Gambi Maria34, Chimienti Giovanni7, 35, Montefalcone Monica36, Azzola Annalisa36, Mantas Torcuato Pulido4, Fraschetti Simonetta7, 37, Ceccherelli Giulia38, Kipson Silvija39, 40, Bakran‐petricioli Tatjana40, Petricioli Donat41, Jimenez Carlos42, 43, Katsanevakis Stelios9, Kizilkaya Inci Tuney44, Kizilkaya Zafer45, Sartoretto Stephane46, Elodie Rouanet47, Ruitton Sandrine2, Comeau Steeve8, Gattuso Jean‐pierre8, 48, Harmelin Jean‐georges47 |
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| Affiliation(s) | 1 : Institut de Ciències del Mar‐CSIC Barcelona ,Spain 2 : Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO Aix Marseille Univ Marseille, France 3 : Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBIO) Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain 4 : Dept of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona, Italy 5 : Fano Marine Centre, Fano, Italy 6 : Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences University of Bologna Ravenna, Italy 7 : CoNISMa, Rome, Italy 8 : Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne, Université, CNRS, Villefranche‐sur‐mer, France 9 : Department of Marine Sciences University of the Aegean Mytilene,Greece 10 : Department of Environment, Faculty of Environment Ionian University Zakynthos, Greece 11 : Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC) Heraklion, Greece 12 : Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology Ischia Marine Centre Naples, Italy 13 : Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB‐CSIC) Girona ,Spain 14 : National Institute of Oceanography Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR) Haifa ,Israel 15 : CIIMAR‐Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research University of Porto Matosinhos ,Portugal 16 : National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia Tunis University of Carthage Tunis ,Tunisia 17 : Biodiversity, Biotechnology and Climate Change Laboratory‐LR11ES09 University of Tunis El Manar Tunis ,Tunisia 18 : Abyss Environmental Services Algiers ,Algeria 19 : Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences de la Mer et de l'Aménagement (ENSSMAL) Alger, Algeria 20 : MMC (Museo del Mar de Ceuta) Ceuta ,Spain 21 : Laboratory 'Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome', Faculty of Sciences Mohamed V University in Rabat Rabat, Morocco 22 : School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol, UK 23 : Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS Nice ,France 24 : Departamento de Ciencias del Mar y Biología Aplicada Universidad de Alicante Alicante, Spain 25 : CIMAR—Universidad de Alicante Alicante, Spain 26 : Dpt. Physiology, Genetics and Microbiology Alicante,Spain 27 : Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares (IEO‐CSIC) Palma de Mallorca ,Spain 28 : Red Sea Research Center King Abudllah University of Science and Technology Thuwal ,Saudi Arabia 29 : Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats Mallorca,Spain 30 : Laboratorio de Biología Marina Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla, Spain 31 : IMC—International Marine Centre Oristano, Italy 32 : CNR‐IRBIM, NR‐IRBIM, National Research Council Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies Ancona ,Italy 33 : Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Deptartment of Integrative Marine Ecology Genoa Marine Centre Genoa ,Italy 34 : National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics, OGS Trieste ,Italy 35 : Department of Biology University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari,Italy 36 : Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences University of Genoa Genoa, Italy 37 : Department of Biology University of Naples Federico II Naples ,Italy 38 : Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia University of Sassari Sassari ,Italy 39 : SEAFAN Zagreb ,Croatia 40 : Faculty of Science, Department of Biology University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia 41 : D.I.I.V. Ltd for Marine, Freshwater and Subterranean Ecology Sali ,Croatia 42 : Enalia Physis Environmental Research Centre Nicosia ,Cyprus 43 : The Cyprus Institute Energy Environment and Water Research Center Aglantzia ,Cyprus 44 : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Ege University Izmir, Turkey 45 : Mediterranean Conservation Society Izmir, Turkey 46 : IFREMER, Brest, France 47 : GIS Posidonie, OCEANOMED—MIO—Case 901 Marseille, France 48 : Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations. Sciences Po, Paris, France |
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| Source | Global Change Biology (1354-1013) (Wiley), 2022-10 , Vol. 28 , N. 19 , P. 5708-5725 | ||||||||||||||||
| DOI | 10.1111/gcb.16301 | ||||||||||||||||
| WOS© Times Cited | 90 | ||||||||||||||||
| Keyword(s) | climate change, coralligenous habitats, foundation species, habitat-forming species, impact assessment, marine conservation, marine heatwaves, temperate reefs | ||||||||||||||||
| Abstract | Climate change is causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves (MHWs) and mass mortality events (MMEs) of marine organisms are one of their main ecological impacts. Here, we show that during the 2015–2019 period, the Mediterranean Sea has experienced exceptional thermal conditions resulting in the onset of five consecutive years of widespread MMEs across the basin. These MMEs affected thousands of kilometers of coastline from the surface to 45 m, across a range of marine habitats and taxa (50 taxa across 8 phyla). Significant relationships were found between the incidence of MMEs and the heat exposure associated with MHWs observed both at the surface and across depths. Our findings reveal that the Mediterranean Sea is experiencing an acceleration of the ecological impacts of MHWs which poses an unprecedented threat to its ecosystems' health and functioning. Overall, we show that increasing the resolution of empirical observation is critical to enhancing our ability to more effectively understand and manage the consequences of climate change. |
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