Co-limitation towards lower latitudes shapes global forest diversity gradients

Type Article
Date 2022-10
Language English
Author(s) Liang Jingjing1, Gamarra Javier G. P.2, Picard Nicolas3, Zhou Mo1, Pijanowski Bryan4, Jacobs Douglass F.4, Reich Peter B.5, 6, 7, Crowther Thomas W.8, Nabuurs Gert-Jan9, 10, De-Miguel Sergio11, 12, Fang Jingyun13, 14, Woodall Christopher W.15, Svenning Jens-Christian16, 17, Jucker Tommaso18, Bastin Jean-Francois19, Wiser Susan K.20, Slik Ferry21, Herault Bruno22, 23, Alberti Giorgio24, 25, 26, Keppel GunnarORCID27, Hengeveld Geerten M.28, 29, Ibisch Pierre L.30, Silva Carlos A.31, Ter Steege Hans32, Peri Pablo L.33, Coomes David A.34, Searle Eric B.35, von Gadow Klaus36, 37, 38, Jaroszewicz BogdanORCID39, Abbasi Akane O.1, Abegg Meinrad40, Yao Yves C. Adou41, Aguirre-Gutierrez Jesus42, 43, Zambrano Angelica M. Almeyda44, Altman Jan45, 46, Alvarez-Davila Esteban47, Alvarez-Gonzalez Juan Gabriel48, Alves Luciana F.49, Amani Bienvenu H. K.50, Amani Christian A.51, Ammer Christian52, Ilondea Bhely Angoboy53, Anton-Fernandez Clara54, Avitabile Valerio55, Aymard Gerardo A.56, Azihou Akomian F.57, Baard Johan A.58, Baker Timothy R.59, Balazy Radomir60, Bastian Meredith L.61, 62, Batumike Rodrigue63, Bauters Marijn64, 65, Beeckman Hans66, Benu Nithanel Mikael Hendrik67, Bitariho Robert68, Boeckx Pascal65, Bogaert Jan69, Bongers Frans10, Bouriaud Olivier70, Brancalion Pedro H. S.71, Brandl Susanne72, Brearley Francis Q.73, Briseno-Reyes Jaime74, Broadbent Eben N.31, Bruelheide Helge75, 76, Bulte Erwin77, Catlin Ann Christine78, Gatti Roberto Cazzolla79, Cesar Ricardo G.71, Chen Han Y. H.35, Chisholm Chelsea80, Cienciala Emil81, 82, Colletta Gabriel D.83, Corral-Rivas Jose Javier74, Cuchietti Anibal84, Cuni-Sanchez Aida85, 86, Dar Javid A.87, 88, 89, Dayanandan Selvadurai90, 91, de Haulleville Thales66, 69, Decuyper Mathieu10, Delabye Sylvain92, 93, Derroire Geraldine94, Devries Ben95, Diisi John96, Van Do Tran97, Dolezal Jiri45, 98, Dourdain Aurelie94, Durrheim Graham P.58, Obiang Nestor Laurier Engone99, Ewango Corneille E. N.100, Eyre Teresa J.101, Fayle Tom M.93, 102, Feunang Lethicia Flavine N.103, Finer Leena104, Fischer Markus105, Fridman Jonas106, Frizzera Lorenzo107, de Gasper Andre L.108, Gianelle Damiano107, Glick Henry B.109, Gonzalez-Elizondo Maria Socorro110, Gorenstein Lev78, Habonayo Richard111, Hardy Olivier J.112, Harris David J.113, Hector Andrew114, Hemp Andreas115, Herold MartinORCID116, Hillers Annika117, 118, Hubau Wannes66, 119, Ibanez ThomasORCID120, Imai Nobuo121, Imani Gerard122, Jagodzinski Andrzej M.123, 124, Janecek Stepan92, Johannsen Vivian Kvist125, Joly Carlos A.126, Jumbam Blaise127, 128, Kabelong Banoho L. P. R.103, Kahsay Goytom Abraha129, Karminov Viktor130, Kartawinata Kuswata131, Kassi Justin N.132, Kearsley Elizabeth133, Kennard Deborah K.134, Kepfer-Rojas Sebastian125, Khan Mohammed Latif135, Kigomo John N.136, Kim Hyun Seok137, 138, 139, 140, Klauberg Carine31, Klomberg Yannick92, Korjus HennORCID141, Kothandaraman Subashree88, 89, Kraxner Florian142, Kumar Amit143, Kuswandi Relawan67, Lang Mait141, 144, Lawes Michael J.145, Leite Rodrigo, V146, Lentner Geoffrey78, Lewis Simon L.59, 147, Libalah Moses B.103, 148, Lisingo Janvier149, Lopez-Serrano Pablito Marcelo150, Lu Huicui151, Lukina Natalia, V152, Lykke Anne MetteORCID153, Maicher Vincent92, 93, 154, Maitner Brian S.155, Marcon EricORCID94, 156, Marshall Andrew R.157, 158, 159, Martin Emanuel H.160, Martynenko Olga130, Mbayu Faustin M.100, Mbuvi Musingo T. E.161, Meave Jorge A.162, Merow Cory163, Miscicki Stanislaw164, Moreno Vanessa S.71, Morera Albert12, Mukul Sharif A.ORCID165, Muller Jorg C.166, 167, Murdjoko Agustinus168, Nava-Miranda Maria Guadalupe150, Ndive Litonga Elias169, Neldner Victor J.101, Nevenic Radovan, V170, Nforbelie Louis N.103, Ngoh Michael L.171, 172, N'Guessan Anny E.41, Ngugi Michael R.101, Ngute Alain S. K.165, 173, Njila Emile Narcisse N.103, Nyako Melanie C.103, Ochuodho Thomas O.174, Oleksyn Jacek123, Paquette Alain175, Parfenova Elena, I176, Park Minjee4, Parren Marc10, Parthasarathy Narayanaswamy89, Pfautsch Sebastian177, Phillips Oliver L.59, Piedade Maria T. F.178, Piotto Daniel179, Pollastrini MartinaORCID180, Poorter Lourens10, Poulsen John R.154, Poulsen Axel Dalberg113, Pretzsch Hans181, Rodeghiero Mirco107, 182, Rolim Samir G.179, Rovero Francesco183, 184, Rutishauser Ervan185, Sagheb-Talebi Khosro186, Saikia PurabiORCID187, Sainge Moses Nsanyi171, 188, Salas-Eljatib Christian189, 190, 191, Salis Antonello2, Schall Peter52, Schepaschenko Dmitry142, 176, 192, Scherer-Lorenzen Michael193, Schmid Bernhard194, Seben Vladimir195, Schongart Jochen178, Sellan Giacomo73, 196, Selvi Federico180, Serra-Diaz Josep M.197, Sheil Douglas10, 198, Shvidenko Anatoly Z.142, Sist Plinio199, Souza Alexandre F.200, Sullivan Martin J. P.73, Sundarapandian Somaiah89, Svoboda Miroslav46, Swaine Mike D.201, Targhetta Natalia178, Tchebakova Nadja176, Trethowan Liam A.202, Tropek Robert92, 93, Mukendi John Tshibamba203, Umunay Peter Mbanda204, Usoltsev Vladimir A.205, Laurin Gaia Vaglio206, Valentini Riccardo206, Valladares Fernando207, Van Der Plas Fons208, Vega-Nieva Daniel Jose74, Verbeeck HansORCID133, Viana Helder209, 210, Vibrans Alexander C.211, Vieira Simone A.212, Vleminckx Jason213, Waite Catherine E.214, Wang Hua-Feng215, Wasingya Eric Katembo100, Wekesa Chemuku216, Westerlund Bertil106, Wittmann Florian217, Wortel Verginia218, Zawila-Niedziwiecki Tomasz219, Zhang ChunyuORCID220, Zhao Xiuhai220, Zhu Jun221, Zhu Xiao78, Zhu Zhi-Xin215, Zo-Bi Irie C.222, Hui Cang223, 224
Affiliation(s) 1 : Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Forest Adv Comp & Artificial Intelligence Lab FAC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
2 : Food & Agr Org United Nations, Forestry Div, Rome, Italy.
3 : GIP ECOFOR, Paris, France.
4 : Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
5 : Univ Michigan, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, Inst Global Change Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
6 : Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN USA.
7 : Western Sydney Univ, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
8 : Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Environm Syst Sci, Crowther Lab, Inst Integrat Biol, Zurich, Switzerland.
9 : Wageningen Univ & Res, Wageningen Environm Res, Wageningen, Netherlands.
10 : Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands.
11 : Univ Lleida, Dept Crop & Forest Sci, Lleida, Spain.
12 : Joint Res Unit CTFC Agrotecnio CERCA, Solsona, Spain.
13 : Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Evironmental Sci, Inst Ecol, Minist Educ, Beijing, Peoples R China.
14 : Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Evironmental Sci, Key Lab Earth Surface Proc, Minist Educ, Beijing, Peoples R China.
15 : US Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH USA.
16 : Aarhus Univ, Ctr Biodivers Dynam Changing World BIOCHANGE, Dept Biol, Aarhus C, Denmark.
17 : Aarhus Univ, Dept Biol, Sect Ecoinformat & Biodivers, Aarhus C, Denmark.
18 : Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol, Avon, England.
19 : Univ Liege, TERRA Teaching & Res Ctr, Gembloux Agrobiotech, Gembloux, Belgium.
20 : Manaaki Whenua Landcare Res, Lincoln, New Zealand.
21 : Univ Brunei Darussalam, Fac Sci, Gadong, Brunei.
22 : Ctr Cooperat Int Rech Agron Dev, Montpellier, France.
23 : Univ Montpellier, INP HB Inst Natl Polytech Felix Houphouet Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Cote Ivoire.
24 : Univ Udine, Dept Agr Food Environm & Anim Sci, Udine, Italy.
25 : Free Univ Bolzano, Fac Sci & Technol, Bolzano, Italy.
26 : CNR, Inst Bioecon, Sesto, Italy.
27 : Univ South Australia, Nat & Built Environm Res Ctr, Sch Nat & Built Environm, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
28 : Wageningen Univ & Res, Biometris, Wageningen, Netherlands.
29 : Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest & Nat Conservat Policy Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands.
30 : Eberswalde Univ Sustainable Dev, Ctr Econ & Ecosyst Management, Eberswalde, Germany.
31 : Univ Florida, Sch Forest Fisheries & Geomat Sci, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL USA.
32 : Nat Biodivers Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands.
33 : Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr INTA, Santa Cruz, Argentina.
34 : Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Cambridge, England.
35 : Lakehead Univ, Fac Nat Resources Management, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
36 : Univ Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany.
37 : Beijing Forestry Univ, Beijing, Peoples R China.
38 : Univ Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
39 : Univ Warsaw, Fac Biol, Bialowieza Geobot Stn, Bialowieza, Poland.
40 : Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Swiss Natl Forest Inventory, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
41 : Univ Felix Houphouet Boigny, UFR Biosci, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire.
42 : Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Environm Change Inst, Oxford, England.
43 : Nat Biodivers Ctr, Biodivers Dynam, Leiden, Netherlands.
44 : Univ Florida, Ctr Latin Amer Studies, Gainesville, FL USA.
45 : Acad Sci Czech Republ, Inst Bot, Trebon, Czech Republic.
46 : Czech Univ Life Sci Prague, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Prague, Czech Republic.
47 : Natl Open Univ & Distance Colombia UNAD, Escuela ECAPMA, Bogota, Colombia.
48 : Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Ingn Agroforestal, Lugo, Spain.
49 : Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Trop Res, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA USA.
50 : Univ Jean Lorougnon Guede, Daloa, Cote Ivoire.
51 : Univ Officielle Bukavu, Bukavu, DEM REP CONGO.
52 : Univ Gottingen, Silviculture & Forest Ecol Temperate Zones, Gottingen, Germany.
53 : Inst Natl Etud & Rech Agron, Kinshasa, DEM REP CONGO.
54 : Norwegian Inst Bioecon Res NIBIO, Div Forestry & Forest Resources, As, Norway.
55 : European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy.
56 : Compensat Int Progress SA, Bogota, Colombia.
57 : Univ Abomey Calavi, Lab Appl Ecol, Cotonou, Benin.
58 : South African Natl Pk, Sci Serv, Knysna, South Africa.
59 : Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
60 : Forest Res Inst, Dept Geomat, Raszyn, Poland.
61 : Proceedings Natl Acad Sci, Washington, DC USA.
62 : Duke Univ, Dept Evolutionary Anthropol, Durham, NC USA.
63 : Univ Cinquantenaire Lwiro, Dept Environm, Bukavu, DEM REP CONGO.
64 : Univ Ghent, Dept Environm, Ghent, Belgium.
65 : Univ Ghent, Dept Green Chem & Technol, Ghent, Belgium.
66 : Royal Museum Cent Africa, Serv Wood Biol, Tervuren, Belgium.
67 : Balai Penelitian & Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup, Manokwari, Indonesia.
68 : Mbarara Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Trop Forest Conservat, Mbarara, Uganda.
69 : Univ Liege, Gembloux Agrobio Tech, Gembloux, Belgium.
70 : Univ Stefan Cel Mare Suceava, Integrated Ctr Res Dev & Innovat Adv Mat Nanotech, Suceava, Romania.
71 : Univ Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, Dept Forestry Sci, Piracicaba, Brazil.
72 : Bavarian State Inst Forestry, Freising Weihenstephan, Germany.
73 : Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England.
74 : Univ Juarez Estado Durango, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Durango, Mexico.
75 : Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol & Bot Garden, Halle, Saale, Germany.
76 : German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Leipzig, Germany.
77 : Wageningen Univ, Dev Econ Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands.
78 : Purdue Univ, Rosen Ctr Adv Comp RCAC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
79 : Univ Bologna, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci BiGeA, Bologna, Italy.
80 : Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Integrat Biol, Zurich, Switzerland.
81 : IFER Inst Forest Ecosyst Res, Jilove, Czech Republic.
82 : CAS, Global Change Res Inst, Brno, Czech Republic.
83 : Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Programa Posgrad Biol Vegetal, Campinas CEP, Campinas, Brazil.
84 : Minist Ambiente & Desarrollo Sostenible MAyDS, Direcc Nacl Bosques DNB, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
85 : Norwegian Univ Life Sci NMBU, Fac Landscape & Soc, Dept Int Environm & Dev Studies Noragric, As, Norway.
86 : Univ York, Dept Environm & Geog, York, N Yorkshire, England.
87 : SRM Univ AP, Sch Engn & Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
88 : Dr Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya Cent Univ, Dept Bot, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India.
89 : Pondicherry Univ, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, Pondicherry, India.
90 : Concordia Univ, Ctr Struct & Funct Genom, Biol Dept, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
91 : Concordia Univ, Quebec Ctr Biodivers Sci, Biol Dept, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
92 : Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Ecol, Prague, Czech Republic.
93 : Czech Acad Sci, Inst Entomol, Biol Ctr, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
94 : Univ Antilles, Univ Guyane, Inrae, Cirad,UMR EcoFoG,AgroParistech,CNRS, Campus Agron, Kourou, French Guiana.
95 : Univ Guelph, Dept Geog Environm & Geomat, Guelph, ON, Canada.
96 : Natl Forest Author, Kampala, Uganda.
97 : Vietnamese Acad Forest Sci, Dept Silviculture Fdn, Silviculture Res Inst, Hanoi, Vietnam.
98 : Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Dept Bot, Bohemia, Czech Republic.
99 : CENAREST, IRET, IPHAMETRA, Libreville, Gabon.
100 : Univ Kisangani, Fac Gest Ressources Nat Renouvelables, Kisangani, DEM REP CONGO.
101 : Dept Environm & Sci, Queensland Herbarium, Toowong, Qld, Australia.
102 : Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Biol & Behav Sci, London, England.
103 : Univ Yaounde I, Fac Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Yaounde, Cameroon.
104 : Nat Resources Inst Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
105 : Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Bern, Switzerland.
106 : Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Resource Management, Umea, Sweden.
107 : Fdn Edmund Mach, Res & Innovat Ctr, San Michele All Adige, Italy.
108 : Univ Reg Blumenau, Herbario Dr Roberto Miguel Klein, Blumenau, Brazil.
109 : Glick Designs LLC, Hadley, MA USA.
110 : Inst Politecn Nacl, CIIDIR Durango, Durango, Mexico.
111 : Univ Burundi, Dept Sci & Technol Environm, Bujumbura, Burundi.
112 : Univ Libre Bruxelles, Fac Sci, Evolutionary Biol & Ecol Unit, Brussels, Belgium.
113 : Royal Bot Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
114 : Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford, England.
115 : Bayreuth Univ, Dept Plant Systemat, Bayreuth, Germany.
116 : Helmholtz GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Sect Remote Sensing & Geoinformat 1 4, Potsdam, Germany.
117 : Wild Chimpanzee Fdn, Liberia Representat, Monrovia, Liberia.
118 : Royal Soc Protect Birds, Ctr Conservat Sci, Sandy, Beds, England.
119 : Univ Ghent, Dept Environm, Lab Wood Technol UGent Woodlab, Ghent, Belgium.
120 : Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CNRS, CIRAD,IRD,AMAP, Montpellier, France.
121 : Tokyo Univ Agr, Dept Forest Sci, Tokyo, Japan.
122 : Univ Officielle Bukavu, Biol Dept, Bukavu, DEM REP CONGO.
123 : Polish Acad Sci, Inst Dendrol, Kornik, Poland.
124 : Poznan Univ Life Sci, Fac Forestry & Wood Technol, Dept Game Management & Forest Protect, Poznan, Poland.
125 : Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geosci & Nat Resource Management, Copenhagen, Denmark.
126 : Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Biol Inst, Plant Biol Dept, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
127 : Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
128 : Minist Sci Res & Innovat, Inst Agr Res Dev IRAD, Nkolbisson, Yaounde, Cameroon.
129 : Univ Copenhagen, Dept Food & Resource Econ, Copenhagen, Denmark.
130 : Bauman Moscow State Tech Univ, Forestry Fac, Mytishchi, Russia.
131 : Field Museum, Integrat Res Ctr, Chicago, IL USA.
132 : Univ Felix Houphouet Boigny, Labo Bot, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire.
133 : Univ Ghent, Computat & Appl Vegetat Ecol Lab, Ghent, Belgium.
134 : Colorado Mesa Univ, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Grand Junction, CO USA.
135 : Dr Harisingh Gour Vishwavidalaya Cent Univ, Dept Bot, Sagar, India.
136 : Kenya Forestry Res Inst, Dept Forest Resource Assessment, Nairobi, Kenya.
137 : Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Seoul, South Korea.
138 : Seoul Natl Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Agr & Forest Meteorol, Seoul, South Korea.
139 : Natl Ctr Agro Meteorol, Seoul, South Korea.
140 : Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Seoul, South Korea.
141 : Estonian Univ Life Sci, Inst Forestry & Engn, Tartu, Estonia.
142 : Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, Laxenburg, Austria.
143 : Cent Univ Jharkhand, Dept Geoinformat, Ranchi, Bihar, India.
144 : Univ Tartu, Tartu Observ, Toravere, Estonia.
145 : Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
146 : Fed Univ Vicosa UFV, Dept Forest Engn, Vicosa, MG, Brazil.
147 : UCL, Dept Geog, London, England.
148 : Univ Yaounde I, Higher Teachers Training Coll, Plant Systemat & Ecol Lab LaBosystE, Yaounde, Cameroon.
149 : Univ Kisangani, Dept Ecol & Gest Ressources Vegetales, Lab Col & Amenagement Forestier, Kisangani, DEM REP CONGO.
150 : Univ Juarez Estado Durango, Inst Silvicultura & Ind Madera, Durango, Mexico.
151 : Qingdao Agr Univ, Fac Forestry, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
152 : Ctr Forest Ecol & Prod RAS CEPF RAS, Moscow, Russia.
153 : Aarhus Univ, Dept Ecosci, Silkeborg, Denmark.
154 : Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
155 : Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ USA.
156 : Univ Montpellier, AgroParisTech, UMR AMAP, CIRAD,CNRS,INRAE,IRD, Montpellier, France.
157 : Univ Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia.
158 : Univ York, York, N Yorkshire, England.
159 : Flamingo Land Ltd, Kirby Misperton, N Yorkshire, England.
160 : Coll African Wildlife Management, Dept Wildlife Management, Mweka, Tanzania.
161 : Kenya Forestry Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya.
162 : Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ecol & Recursos Nat, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
163 : Univ Connecticut, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT USA.
164 : Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Dept Forest Management & Forest Econ, Warsaw, Poland.
165 : Univ Sunshine Coast, Trop Forests & People Res Ctr, Maroochydore, Qld, Australia.
166 : Julius Maximilians Univ Wurzburg, Fieldstn Fabrikschleichach, Wurzburg, Germany.
167 : Bavarian Forest Nationalpk, Grafenau, Germany.
168 : Univ Papua, Fak Kehutanan, Jalan Gunung Salju Amban, Manokwari Papua Barat, Indonesia.
169 : Limbe Bot Garden, Limbe, Cameroon.
170 : Inst Forestry, Belgrade, Serbia.
171 : Trop Plant Explorat Grp TroPEG, Buea, Cameroon.
172 : Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN USA.
173 : Univ Dschang, Appl Biol & Ecol Res Unit, Dschang, Cameroon.
174 : Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, Lexington, KY USA.
175 : Univ Quebec Montreal, Ctr Forest Res, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
176 : FRC KSC SB RAS, VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
177 : Western Sydney Univ, Sch Social Sci, Urban Management & Planning, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
178 : Inst Nacl Pesquisas Amazonia INPA, Grp Ecol Monitoramento & Uso Sustentavel Areas Um, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
179 : Univ Fed Sul Bahia, Ctr Formacao Ciencias Agroflorestais, Ilheus, BA, Brazil.
180 : Univ Firenze, Dept Agr Food Environm & Forestry, Florence, Italy.
181 : Tech Univ Munich, Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan, Chair Forest Growth & Yield Sci, Munich, Germany.
182 : Univ Trento, Ctr Agr Alimenti Ambiente, San Michele All Adige, Italy.
183 : Univ Florence, Dept Biol, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
184 : MUSE Museo Sci, Trento, Italy.
185 : Bot Garden Geneva, Infoflora, Geneva, Switzerland.
186 : Agr Res Educ & Extens Org AREEO, Res Inst Forests & Rangelands RIFR, Tehran, Iran.
187 : Cent Univ Jharkhand, Dept Environm Sci, Ranchi, Bihar, India.
188 : One World Trade Ctr, Inst Int Educ Scholar Rescue Fund IIE SRF, New York, NY USA.
189 : Univ Mayor, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Modelac & Monitoreo Ecosistemas, Santiago, Chile.
190 : Univ La Frontera, Vicerrector Invest & Postgrad, Temuco, Chile.
191 : Univ Chile, Dept Silvicultura & Conservac Naturaleza, Santiago, Chile.
192 : Peoples Friendship Univ Russia RUDN Univ, Moscow, Russia.
193 : Univ Freiburg, Fac Biol, Freiburg, Germany.
194 : Univ Zurich, Inst City, Dept Geog, Zurich, Switzerland.
195 : Natl Forest Ctr, Zvolen, Slovakia.
196 : CNRS UMR LEEISA, Campus Agron, Kourou, French Guiana.
197 : Univ Lorraine, INRA, AgroParisTech, Nancy, France.
198 : Ctr Int Forestry Res CIFOR, Situ Gede, Bogor Barat, Indonesia.
199 : Univ Montpellier, Cirad, Montpellier, France.
200 : Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Ecol, Natal, RN, Brazil.
201 : Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland.
202 : Royal Bot Gardens Kew, Herbarium Kew, London, England.
203 : Univ Mbujimayi, Fac Sci Appl, Mbujimayi, DEM REP CONGO.
204 : Yale Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT USA.
205 : Ural State Forest Engn Univ, Russian Acad Sci, Bot Garden, Ural Branch, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
206 : Tuscia Univ, DIBAF Dept, Viterbo, Italy.
207 : CSIC, MNCN, LINCGlobal, Madrid, Spain.
208 : Wageningen Univ, Plant Ecol & Nat Conservat Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands.
209 : Polytech Inst Viseu, Agr High Sch, ESAV, IPV, Viseu, Portugal.
210 : UTAD, Ctr Res & Technol Agroenvironm & Biol Sci, CITAB, Vila Real, Portugal.
211 : Univ Reg Blumenau, Dept Forest Engn, Blumenau, Brazil.
212 : Univ Estadual Campinas, Nucleo Estudos & Pesquisas Ambientais, Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
213 : Florida Int Univ, Int Ctr Trop Bot, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL USA.
214 : Univ Sunshine Coast, Forest Res Inst, Sippy Downs, Qld, Australia.
215 : Hainan Univ, Sanya Nanfan Res Inst, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, Peoples R China.
216 : Taita Taveta Res Ctr, Kenya Forestry Res Inst, Wundanyi, Kenya.
217 : Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Geog & Geoecol, Dept Wetland Ecol, Rastatt, Germany.
218 : Ctr Agr Res Suriname, Dept Forest Management, Paramaribo, Suriname.
219 : Polish State Forests Coordinat Ctr Environm Proje, Warsaw, Poland.
220 : Beijing Forestry Univ, Res Ctr Forest Management Engn, State Forestry & Grassland Adm, Beijing, Peoples R China.
221 : Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
222 : DFR Eaux Forets & Environm, Inst Natl Polytech Felix Houphouet Boigny, Yamoussoukro, Cote Ivoire.
223 : Stellenbosch Univ, Ctr Invas Biol, Dept Math Sci, Matieland, South Africa.
224 : African Inst Math Sci, Muizenberg, South Africa.
Source Nature Ecology & Evolution (2397-334X) (Nature Portfolio), 2022-10 , Vol. 6 , N. 10 , P. 1423-1437
DOI 10.1038/s41559-022-01831-x
WOS© Times Cited 23
Abstract The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most recognized global patterns of species richness exhibited across a wide range of taxa. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in the past two centuries to explain LDG, but rigorous tests of the drivers of LDGs have been limited by a lack of high-quality global species richness data. Here we produce a high-resolution (0.025 degrees x 0.025 degrees) map of local tree species richness using a global forest inventory database with individual tree information and local biophysical characteristics from similar to 1.3 million sample plots. We then quantify drivers of local tree species richness patterns across latitudes. Generally, annual mean temperature was a dominant predictor of tree species richness, which is most consistent with the metabolic theory of biodiversity (MTB). However, MTB underestimated LDG in the tropics, where high species richness was also moderated by topographic, soil and anthropogenic factors operating at local scales. Given that local landscape variables operate synergistically with bioclimatic factors in shaping the global LDG pattern, we suggest that MTB be extended to account for co-limitation by subordinate drivers.
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Liang Jingjing, Gamarra Javier G. P., Picard Nicolas, Zhou Mo, Pijanowski Bryan, Jacobs Douglass F., Reich Peter B., Crowther Thomas W., Nabuurs Gert-Jan, De-Miguel Sergio, Fang Jingyun, Woodall Christopher W., Svenning Jens-Christian, Jucker Tommaso, Bastin Jean-Francois, Wiser Susan K., Slik Ferry, Herault Bruno, Alberti Giorgio, Keppel Gunnar, Hengeveld Geerten M., Ibisch Pierre L., Silva Carlos A., Ter Steege Hans, Peri Pablo L., Coomes David A., Searle Eric B., von Gadow Klaus, Jaroszewicz Bogdan, Abbasi Akane O., Abegg Meinrad, Yao Yves C. Adou, Aguirre-Gutierrez Jesus, Zambrano Angelica M. Almeyda, Altman Jan, Alvarez-Davila Esteban, Alvarez-Gonzalez Juan Gabriel, Alves Luciana F., Amani Bienvenu H. K., Amani Christian A., Ammer Christian, Ilondea Bhely Angoboy, Anton-Fernandez Clara, Avitabile Valerio, Aymard Gerardo A., Azihou Akomian F., Baard Johan A., Baker Timothy R., Balazy Radomir, Bastian Meredith L., Batumike Rodrigue, Bauters Marijn, Beeckman Hans, Benu Nithanel Mikael Hendrik, Bitariho Robert, Boeckx Pascal, Bogaert Jan, Bongers Frans, Bouriaud Olivier, Brancalion Pedro H. S., Brandl Susanne, Brearley Francis Q., Briseno-Reyes Jaime, Broadbent Eben N., Bruelheide Helge, Bulte Erwin, Catlin Ann Christine, Gatti Roberto Cazzolla, Cesar Ricardo G., Chen Han Y. H., Chisholm Chelsea, Cienciala Emil, Colletta Gabriel D., Corral-Rivas Jose Javier, Cuchietti Anibal, Cuni-Sanchez Aida, Dar Javid A., Dayanandan Selvadurai, de Haulleville Thales, Decuyper Mathieu, Delabye Sylvain, Derroire Geraldine, Devries Ben, Diisi John, Van Do Tran, Dolezal Jiri, Dourdain Aurelie, Durrheim Graham P., Obiang Nestor Laurier Engone, Ewango Corneille E. N., Eyre Teresa J., Fayle Tom M., Feunang Lethicia Flavine N., Finer Leena, Fischer Markus, Fridman Jonas, Frizzera Lorenzo, de Gasper Andre L., Gianelle Damiano, Glick Henry B., Gonzalez-Elizondo Maria Socorro, Gorenstein Lev, Habonayo Richard, Hardy Olivier J., Harris David J., Hector Andrew, Hemp Andreas, Herold Martin, Hillers Annika, Hubau Wannes, Ibanez Thomas, Imai Nobuo, Imani Gerard, Jagodzinski Andrzej M., Janecek Stepan, Johannsen Vivian Kvist, Joly Carlos A., Jumbam Blaise, Kabelong Banoho L. P. R., Kahsay Goytom Abraha, Karminov Viktor, Kartawinata Kuswata, Kassi Justin N., Kearsley Elizabeth, Kennard Deborah K., Kepfer-Rojas Sebastian, Khan Mohammed Latif, Kigomo John N., Kim Hyun Seok, Klauberg Carine, Klomberg Yannick, Korjus Henn, Kothandaraman Subashree, Kraxner Florian, Kumar Amit, Kuswandi Relawan, Lang Mait, Lawes Michael J., Leite Rodrigo, V, Lentner Geoffrey, Lewis Simon L., Libalah Moses B., Lisingo Janvier, Lopez-Serrano Pablito Marcelo, Lu Huicui, Lukina Natalia, V, Lykke Anne Mette, Maicher Vincent, Maitner Brian S., Marcon Eric, Marshall Andrew R., Martin Emanuel H., Martynenko Olga, Mbayu Faustin M., Mbuvi Musingo T. E., Meave Jorge A., Merow Cory, Miscicki Stanislaw, Moreno Vanessa S., Morera Albert, Mukul Sharif A., Muller Jorg C., Murdjoko Agustinus, Nava-Miranda Maria Guadalupe, Ndive Litonga Elias, Neldner Victor J., Nevenic Radovan, V, Nforbelie Louis N., Ngoh Michael L., N'Guessan Anny E., Ngugi Michael R., Ngute Alain S. K., Njila Emile Narcisse N., Nyako Melanie C., Ochuodho Thomas O., Oleksyn Jacek, Paquette Alain, Parfenova Elena, I, Park Minjee, Parren Marc, Parthasarathy Narayanaswamy, Pfautsch Sebastian, Phillips Oliver L., Piedade Maria T. F., Piotto Daniel, Pollastrini Martina, Poorter Lourens, Poulsen John R., Poulsen Axel Dalberg, Pretzsch Hans, Rodeghiero Mirco, Rolim Samir G., Rovero Francesco, Rutishauser Ervan, Sagheb-Talebi Khosro, Saikia Purabi, Sainge Moses Nsanyi, Salas-Eljatib Christian, Salis Antonello, Schall Peter, Schepaschenko Dmitry, Scherer-Lorenzen Michael, Schmid Bernhard, Seben Vladimir, Schongart Jochen, Sellan Giacomo, Selvi Federico, Serra-Diaz Josep M., Sheil Douglas, Shvidenko Anatoly Z., Sist Plinio, Souza Alexandre F., Sullivan Martin J. P., Sundarapandian Somaiah, Svoboda Miroslav, Swaine Mike D., Targhetta Natalia, Tchebakova Nadja, Trethowan Liam A., Tropek Robert, Mukendi John Tshibamba, Umunay Peter Mbanda, Usoltsev Vladimir A., Laurin Gaia Vaglio, Valentini Riccardo, Valladares Fernando, Van Der Plas Fons, Vega-Nieva Daniel Jose, Verbeeck Hans, Viana Helder, Vibrans Alexander C., Vieira Simone A., Vleminckx Jason, Waite Catherine E., Wang Hua-Feng, Wasingya Eric Katembo, Wekesa Chemuku, Westerlund Bertil, Wittmann Florian, Wortel Verginia, Zawila-Niedziwiecki Tomasz, Zhang Chunyu, Zhao Xiuhai, Zhu Jun, Zhu Xiao, Zhu Zhi-Xin, Zo-Bi Irie C., Hui Cang (2022). Co-limitation towards lower latitudes shapes global forest diversity gradients. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 6(10), 1423-1437. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-022-01831-x , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00803/91508/