Despite emerging contaminants (ECs) are more and more monitored in environmental matrices, there is still lack of data in marine ecosystems, especially on their fate and degradation potentials. In this work, for the first time, the degradation potential of synthetic musks (galaxolide and tonalide), UV filters (padimate O and octo-crylene) and a pharmaceutical compound (carbamazepine) was studied in marine sediment samples, under laboratory conditions using sediment slurry incubations under biotic and abiotic conditions. Minimum half life times under biotic conditions were found at 21 days, 129 days and 199 days for padimate O, galaxolide and carbamazepine, respectively. Enrichments conducted under anoxic and oxic conditions demonstrated that degradations after one month of incubation either under both biotic and abiotic conditions were limited under anoxic conditions compared to oxic conditions for all the contaminants. Novel aerobic bacteria, able to degrade synthetic musks and UV filters have been isolated. These novel strains were mainly related to the Genus Bacillus. Based on these results, the isolated strains able to degrade such ECs, can have a strong implication in the natural resilience in marine environment, and could be used in remediation processes.