DOI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115267 Macroplastics are ubiquitous in aquaculture ecosystems. However, to date the potential role of plastics as a support for bacterial biofilm that can include potential human pathogenic bacteria (PHPB) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) has been largely overlooked. In this study, we used a combination of metabarcoding and standard antibiotic susceptibility testing to study the pathobiome and resistome of macroplastics, fish guts and the environment in a marine aquaculture farm in Mauritius. Aquaculture macroplastics were found to be higher in PHPB, dominated by the Vibrionaceae family (0.34 % of the total community), compared with environmental samples. Moreover, isolates from aquaculture plastics showed higher significant multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) compared to non-plastic samples of seawater, sediment and fish guts. These results suggest that plastics act as a reservoir and fomite of PHPB and ARB in aquaculture, potentially threatening the health of farmed fish and human consumers.
Plastisphere, Aquaculture, Pathogen, Antibiotic resistance
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|---|---|---|---|---|
Publisher's official version | 11 | 1 Mo | ||
Supplementary Table 1. Environmental data of the sampling sites. | 1 | 37 Ko | ||
Supplementary Table 2. Antibiotics and concentrations (μg) used for each strain according to the EUCAST recommendations. | - | 11 Ko | ||
Supplementary Table 3. Summary of results obtained from PERMANOVA pairwise comparisons between beta-diversity estimates, with associated p-values in parenthesis. Bold p-values point out significant... | 1 | 43 Ko | ||
Supplementary Table 4. PHPB sequences and taxonomy. | - | 27 Ko | ||
Supplementary Table 5. Summary of infections that can be caused by some potential pathogens. | 1 | 75 Ko | ||
Supplementary Table 6. Summary of results obtained from PERMANOVA pairwise comparisons between beta-diversity estimates, with associated p-values in parenthesis. Bold p-values point... | 1 | 44 Ko | ||
Supplementary Table 7. MALDI-TOF identification of isolates according to their sampling site and type. | - | 11 Ko | ||
Supplementary Fig. 1. Geographical representation of the four sampling sites, in Mauritius. Sites 1 and 2 correspond to aquaculture sites, and sites 3 and 4 correspond respectively to the estuary ... | 1 | 568 Ko | ||
Supplementary Fig. 2. Photo of the four aquaculture plastics sampled. A: buoy located between cages. B: net of the cage. C: pipe structure of the cage. D: tie linking the net and the pipes. | 1 | 132 Ko | ||
Supplementary Fig. 3. PCoA plot with Bray-Curtis distances (axes 1 and 4) of the diversity of the bacterial communities according to the sample type. | 1 | 44 Ko | ||
Supplementary Fig. 4. Biomarkers of the global plastisphere community and of the pathobiome identified by analysis of composition with bias correction (ANCOM-BC). A: treemap representing the... | 1 | 249 Ko | ||
Supplementary Fig. 5. Alpha and beta diversity of the pathobiome according to the sampling site. A: taxonomical richness. B: Shannon diversity. A and B: Dunn tests between sample origins... | 1 | 78 Ko | ||
Supplementary Fig. 6. Taxonomy at the phylum level of the isolated strains according to the sample type. | 1 | 69 Ko | ||
Supplementary Fig. 7. Proportion of resistant strains against each tested antibiotic, according to the EUCAST recommendations. R: resistant, S: sensible, I: intermedirary (sensible at high ... | 1 | 30 Ko | ||
Supplementary Fig. 8. MAR index of all isolated strains and Vibrionaceae strains according to the sampling site. Boxplot represents the median and quartiles for each sample site. The dotted line... | 1 | 45 Ko | ||
Author's final draft | 49 | 3 Mo |
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