Three major mesoplanktonic communities resolved by in situ imaging in the upper 500 m of the global ocean
| Type | Article | ||||||||||||
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| Date | 2023-11 | ||||||||||||
| Language | English | ||||||||||||
| Author(s) | Panaïotis Thelma 1, Babin Marcel2, Biard Tristan3, Carlotti François4, Coppola Laurent1, Guidi Lionel1, Hauss Helena5, 6, Karp‐boss Lee7, Kiko Rainer1, 5, Lombard Fabien1, McDonnell Andrew M. P.8, Picheral Marc1, Rogge Andreas9, Waite Anya M.10, Stemmann Lars1, Irisson Jean‐olivier1 |
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| Affiliation(s) | 1 : Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche Sorbonne Université, CNRS Villefranche‐sur‐Mer ,France 2 : Takuvik International Research Laboratory (IRL 3376) CNRS and Université Laval Québec, Canada 3 : Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Univ. Lille, CNRS, IRD Wimereux, France 4 : Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, Aix‐Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, UMR 7294 Marseille ,France 5 : GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany 6 : NORCE Norwegian Research Centre Bergen ,Norway 7 : School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine Orono Maine, USA 8 : Oceanography Department University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska, USA 9 : Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven ,Germany 10 : Department of Oceanography Ocean Frontier Institute, Dalhousie University Halifax ,Canada |
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| Source | Global Ecology And Biogeography (1466-822X) (Wiley), 2023-11 , Vol. 32 , N. 11 , P. 1991-2005 | ||||||||||||
| DOI | 10.1111/geb.13741 | ||||||||||||
| Keyword(s) | biogeography, Copepoda, global ocean, in situ imagery, plankton communities, Rhizaria, spatial distribution, Trichodesmium | ||||||||||||
| Abstract | AimThe distribution of mesoplankton communities has been poorly studied at global scale, especially from in situ instruments. This study aims to (1) describe the global distribution of mesoplankton communities in relation to their environment and (2) assess the ability of various environmental‐based ocean regionalizations to explain the distribution of these communities. LocationGlobal ocean, 0–500 m depth. Time Period2008–2019. Major Taxa StudiedTwenty‐eight groups of large mesoplanktonic and macroplanktonic organisms, covering Metazoa, Rhizaria and Cyanobacteria. MethodsFrom a global data set of 2500 vertical profiles making use of the Underwater Vision Profiler 5 (UVP5), an in situ imaging instrument, we studied the global distribution of large (>600 μm) mesoplanktonic organisms. Among the 6.8 million imaged objects, 330,000 were large zooplanktonic organisms and phytoplankton colonies, the rest consisting of marine snow particles. Multivariate ordination (PCA) and clustering were used to describe patterns in community composition, while comparison with existing regionalizations was performed with regression methods (RDA). ResultsWithin the observed size range, epipelagic plankton communities were Trichodesmium‐enriched in the intertropical Atlantic, Copepoda‐enriched at high latitudes and in upwelling areas, and Rhizaria‐enriched in oligotrophic areas. In the mesopelagic layer, Copepoda‐enriched communities were also found at high latitudes and in the Atlantic Ocean, while Rhizaria‐enriched communities prevailed in the Peruvian upwelling system and a few mixed communities were found elsewhere. The comparison between the distribution of these communities and a set of existing regionalizations of the ocean suggested that the structure of plankton communities described above is mostly driven by basin‐level environmental conditions. Main ConclusionsIn both layers, three types of plankton communities emerged and seemed to be mostly driven by regional environmental conditions. This work sheds light on the role not only of metazoans, but also of unexpected large protists and cyanobacteria in structuring large mesoplankton communities. |
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