Une expertise scientifique collective menée conjointement par INRAE et l’Ifremer dans le cadre du plan Écophyto 2þa mobilisé, pendant 2 ans, un panel pluridisciplinaire francophone de 46 experts scientifiques. Ce travail, basé sur l’analyse de plus de 4 000 références bibliographiques, a mis en évidence que les produits phytopharmaceutiques contaminent tous les milieux, majoritairement les zones agricoles, qu’ils sont responsables, par des effets directs et indirects, du déclin de certains groupes taxonomiques tels que les invertébrés terrestres et aquatiques et les oiseaux, et que la combinaison de différents leviers peut réduire cette contamination et les effets associés. La robustesse des conclusions de cette étude justifie l’intérêt d’approches combinant des disciplines variées dans le domaine des sciences de l’environnement mais aussi des sciences humaines et sociales

Pluridisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity at the heart of the INRAE and Ifremer collective scientific assessment on the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services. A collective scientific assessment on the effects of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services conducted jointly by INRAE and Ifremer within the framework of the Écophyto 2+ programme mobilised a multidisciplinary panel of 46 French-speaking scientific experts for two years. This work, based on the analysis of more than 4 000 scientific articles, showed that plant protection products contaminate all environments, especially agricultural areas, that they are responsible, through direct and indirect effects, for the decline of certain taxonomic groups such as terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and birds, and that the combination of different levers can reduce this contamination and the associated effects. It identifies several gaps of knowledge related to the occurrence and effects of metabolites as well as effects on marine and overseas biodiversity. This assessment highlights the value of multidisciplinary approaches to address complex issues such as the effects of plant protection products. It also highlights the role of concepts such as ecosystem services or the regulation of the marketing of chemical substances in facilitating the rapprochement between environmental sciences and human and social sciences.