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Working group on the biology and assessment of deep-sea fisheries resources (WGDEEP).
The ICES working group on biology and assessment of deep-sea fisheries resources (WGDEEP) provides scientific advice on 30 assessment units including stocks of deep-water species and those on deep shelf areas. All ICES categories are present, from full analytical assessment (category 1) to stocks with negligible landings where catches primarily are discard and bycatch (category 6). Advice is provided in time intervals of 1 to 5 years for different stocks, with 1- and 2- years intervals as the most common. First draft of advice was prepared for 20 stocks this year. Available time-series for international landings and discards, fishing effort, survey indices and biological information were updated for all stocks and are presented in Sections 3–16 of the report. Exploratory assessments were presented to the meeting for blue ling in 5a and 14 using GADGET model and greater silver smelt in 5a and 14 using SAM model. Results were presented from benchmark in January 2024 (WKBMYSYSPICT3) for greater silver smelt in area 1,2,3a and 4, blackspot seabream in area 9 and blackspot seabream in area 10. Upcoming benchmarks are on blue ling in 5a and 14, greater silver smelt 5a and 14 and blackscabbard fish. Blackspot seabream in 9 is one of the stocks in an upcoming Stock Synthesis benchmark. Main conclusions regarding each stock with advice in 2024: Alfonsinos in the Northeast Atlantic is a Category 5 stock with precautionary reductions of catches. The stock is comprised of two species (Beryx splendens and Beryx decadactylus). Most of the catch data comes from the Azores region, where detailed species-specific landing data, survey abundance index, and length composition are uniquely available. The ICES rfb-rule was applied for the first time this year, based on information for the most captured species (Beryx splendens). For Atlantic wolffish in Division 5.a (Iceland grounds) spawning stock biomass has been going up since 1995 but recruitment decreased until 2010. Since 2010, recruitment has remained stable and has increased slightly in recent years. Spawning stock biomass and fishing pressure are at sustainable levels. The advice for 2024/25 is substantially higher than for 2023/24 due to an upward revision/higher biomass levels and lower fishing pressure. Black scabbardfish in the Northeast Atlantic has been showing a reduction in abundance, mostly driven by the decrease of fishing effort and catches in the Northern component, probably associated with the ban of trawling below 800 m. As a consequence of changes in effort targeted to black scabbardfish of the French trawl fleet that operates in the Northern component, the accepted assessment model could not be updated. The rfb rule was applied for the first time this year to the Northern (ICES Division 5.b, subareas 6–7, and Division 12.b) and Southern (ICES Subarea 8 and Division 9.a) components separately. The length-based fishing pressure proxy (LF = M/Lmean) is at FMSY proxy for the Southern component and slightly above for the Northern component. The recruitment of blue ling in division 5.a and subarea 14 has been low since 2010. Biomass indices have increased in recent years and the biomass index doubled between 2022 and 2023, resulting in a higher advice for 2024/25 and 2025/26. Blue ling in 5b, 6, 7, 12 is a new stock unit that previously did not include area 12. Revision of stock structure for blue ling in ICES was initiated at WGDEEP 2023 as a request to the Stock Identification Methods Working Group (SIMWG). SIMWG concluded in advance of the 2024 meeting. Catches in area 12 primarily come from 12b. The blue ling stock in 1, 2, 3a and 4 is new after revision of stock structure of blue ling within ICES. Suggested advice from WGDEEP is zero catch for the years 2025-2028. The landings have declined over the years. The stock is regarded as depleted based on very limited data. Blackspot seabream in subareas 6, 7 and 8 catches declined significantly in the 1970s–80s, and this is considered to reflect depletion in stock biomass. Three bottom trawl surveys take place in the area of the stock, but the species is currently rarely caught in these surveys. If the population increases substantially, this should be reflected in these bottom trawl survey indices. Rfb rule was applied for the first time for blackspot seabream of subarea 9. In contrast to earlier assessments information of this stock is now strictly related to Subarea 9, and the information from the Strait of Gibraltar was removed. Fishing pressure is at FMSY proxy while the stock indicator (Portuguese reference fleet standardized CPUE) is above Itrigger. Greater silver smelt in ICES areas 1, 2, 3a and 4 was benchmarked in 2024 (WKBMSYSPiCT3). The benchmark allowed for reconsidering input data, adding new data, and adding data not used in previous benchmark. SPiCT was accepted as assessment and forecast method for this stock and the assessment in year 2024 is generally in accordance with the benchmark. For greater silver smelt in division 5.a and subarea 14, the spawning stock biomass has reached a historical high and fishing mortality remains relatively low. Recruitment estimates are low in the past three years but were relatively high prior to these. Spawning stock biomass and fishing pressure are at sustainable levels, but the TAC has not been fished for the past decade which has resulted in higher species transfers from greater silver smelt to other stocks in the Icelandic transfer quota system. Advice for 2024/25 increased slightly from 2024/25. For greater silver smelt in 5b and 6a fishing mortality and the spawning stock biomass are at sustainable levels. The recruitment is very constant. Upon applying the MSY approach, the catch advice increased slightly compared to last year’s advice. For ling in Division 5.a, the spawning stock biomass and the fishing mortality are at sustainable levels. Recruitment of age 2 decreased from high levels in 2008 in and have remained stable for the past years. The advice for 2024/2025 is approximately the same as in 2023/2024. For ling in Division 5b the recruitment has been very low since 2018 causing the spawning stock to go below Blim in 2024 and the same can be expected in foreseeable future. The fishing mortality is high, as well as the catch, but are expected to decrease for the coming years. ICES issued a zero advice for 2024 and chances are high that this will be reiterated for 2025. For tusk in Division 5.a and Subarea 14, the total stock biomass has increased since 2020 and the spawning stock biomass is slightly above Blim. Fishing mortality has declined and recruitment of age 1 shows an increase for the past decade. The advice in 2024/25 is higher than the advice in 2023/24 due to an increase in spawning stock biomass. For tusk in 6b landings since 2001 have been low and generally decreasing. Apart from closed areas, no management measures apply exclusively to this stock. No updated abundance index is available. For Tusk in 12ac no landings have been reported since 2015. No recent data are available and the catch advice from WGDEEP is zero for 2025 to 2029, as it has been in 2018 and onwards. The advice on orange roughy in subareas 1-10, 12 and 14 is given for four years. This is an seamount aggregating species and currently there are no evidences that the stock is recovering from overexploited status. Historical catches were updated. Greater Forkbeard in Northeast Atlantic is a bycatch species in both deep-water and shelf fisheries. Discard rate is high and variable from year to year but many of the countries involved in the fishery report discard since 2013. Although it is in low values since 2016 the biomass index from six surveys indicates an increase trend since the minimum recorded in 2020. The rfb-rule was applied for first time in 2024. Roundnose grenadier in subareas 6-7 and divisions 5.b and 12.b landings have declined since 2004. Recent survey indices remain stable, but the implementation of the EU deep sea bottom trawling ban combined with changes in fishing location, has led to a decrease in activity. Roundnose grenadier in 3a is at present at low levels. The low index values are presumably a result from earlier exceptionally high catches and low recruitment.
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Publisher's official version | 1228 | 104 Mo |