The objective of this study was to observe the impact of temperature on pearl formation using  an integrative approach describing the rotation of the pearls, the rate of nacre deposition, the  thickness of the aragonite tablets and the biomineralizing potential of the pearl sac tissue  though the expression level of some key genes. Fifty pearl oysters were grafted with  magnetized nuclei to allow the rotation of the pearls to be described. Four months later, 32 of  these pearl oysters were exposed to four temperatures (22, 26, 30 and 34°C) for 2 weeks.  Results showed that the rotation speed differed according to the movement direction: pearls  with axial movement (AM) had a significantly higher rotation speed than those with random  movement (RM). Pearl growth rate was influenced by temperature, with a maximum between  26 and 30°C but almost no growth at 34°C. Lastly, among the nine genes implicated in the  biomineralization process, the Pmarg-Pif177 expression was significantly modified by  temperature. These results showed that the rotation speed of the pearls was not linked to  pearl growth or to the expression profiles of biomineralizing genes targeted in this study. On  the basis of our results, we consider that pearl rotation is a more complex process than  formerly thought. Mechanisms involved could include a strong environmental forcing in  immediate proximity to the pearl. Another implication of our findings is that, in the context of  ocean warming, pearl growth and quality can be expected to decrease in pearl oysters  exposed to temperatures above 30°C.