Elastomeric anti-vibration parts found in automotive parts are usually massive, usually, a thickness of 10 mm or more is observed. Aging therefore leads to heterogeneous properties, possibly induced by several mechanisms due to the availability, or not, of oxygen in the part's bulk. To better understand the effects of oxygen in the degradation process, this paper aims at studying the aging of a rubber material (conventional vulcanization system) in aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen) conditions for a wide range of temperatures, relevant for under hood applications. A specific protocol to realize aging under anaerobic conditions was defined and validated. The consequences on the mechanical behavior are analyzed throughout monotonic tensile tests and fatigue campaigns results. The effects and kinetics of the two aging conditions are compared. In order to check the hypothesis of a physical aging related to desorption of low molecular weight ingredients, common to both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, a specific investigation is led on a material tested after swelling in toluene.