A uniform pCO(2) climatology combining open and coastal oceans
In this study, we present the first combined open- and coastal-ocean pCO(2) mapped monthly climatology (Landschutzer et al., 2020b, https://doi.org/10.25921/qb25-f418, https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/ocads/oceans/MPI-ULB-SOM_FFN_clim.html, last access: 8 April 2020) constructed from observations collected between 1998 and 2015 extracted from the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) database. We combine two neural network-based pCO(2) products, one from the open ocean and the other from the coastal ocean, and investigate their consistency along their common overlap areas. While the difference between open- and coastal-ocean estimates along the overlap area increases with latitude, it remains close to 0 mu atm globally. Stronger discrepancies, however, exist on the regional level resulting in differences that exceed 10 % of the climatological mean pCO(2), or an order of magnitude larger than the uncertainty from state-of-the-art measurements. This also illustrates the potential of such an analysis to highlight where we lack a good representation of the aquatic continuum and future research should be dedicated. A regional analysis further shows that the seasonal carbon dynamics at the coast-open interface are well represented in our climatology. While our combined product is only a first step towards a true representation of both the open-ocean and the coastal-ocean air-sea CO2 flux in marine carbon budgets, we show it is a feasible task and the present data product already constitutes a valuable tool to investigate and quantify the dynamics of the air-sea CO2 exchange consistently for oceanic regions regardless of its distance to the coast.
Landschützer, Peter, Laruelle, Goulven G., Roobaert, Alizée, Regnier, Pierre (2020). A combined global ocean pCO2 climatology combining open ocean and coastal areas (NCEI Accession 0209633). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/qb25-f418
Jersild, Annika, Landschützer, Peter, Gruber, Nicolas, Bakker, Dorothee C. E. (2017). An observation-based global monthly gridded sea surface pCO2 and air-sea CO2 flux product from 1982 onward and its monthly climatology (NCEI Accession 0160558). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.7289/v5z899n6