Reviewing the Ecosystem Services, Societal Goods, and Benefits of Marine Protected Areas
Type | Article | ||||||||||||
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Date | 2021-06 | ||||||||||||
Language | English | ||||||||||||
Author(s) | Marcos Concepción1, Díaz David2, Fietz Katharina3, Forcada Aitor4, Ford Amanda5, García-Charton José Antonio1, Goñi Raquel2, Lenfant Philippe6, Mallol Sandra2, Mouillot David7, Pérez-Marcos María8, Puebla Oscar9, Manel Stephanie10, Pérez-Ruzafa Angel1 | ||||||||||||
Affiliation(s) | 1 : Department of Ecology and Hydrology, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain 2 : Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Palma de Mallorca, Spain 3 : Geomar Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany 4 : Department of Marine Sciences and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain 5 : School of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences (SAGEONS), University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji 6 : Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Centre de Formation et de Recherche sur les environnements Méditerranéens, UMR 5110, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, Perpignan, France 7 : MARBEC, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France 8 : Biological Pest Control and Ecosystem Services Laboratory, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), La Alberca, Spain 9 : Ecology Department, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany 10 : CEFE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Montpellier, France |
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Source | Frontiers In Marine Science (2296-7745) (Frontiers Media SA), 2021-06 , Vol. 8 , P. 613819 (37p.) | ||||||||||||
DOI | 10.3389/fmars.2021.613819 | ||||||||||||
WOS© Times Cited | 23 | ||||||||||||
Keyword(s) | marine protected areas, MPA ecosystem services, MPA societal benefits, marine conservation, marine ecosystems management | ||||||||||||
Abstract | Marine protected areas (MPAs) are globally important environmental management tools that provide protection from the effects of human exploitation and activities, supporting the conservation of marine biological diversity, habitats, ecosystems and the processes they host, as well as resources in a broad sense. Consequently, they are also expected to manage and enhance marine ecosystem services and material, non-material, consumptive and non-consumptive goods, and benefits for humans. There is however certain confusion on what constitutes an ecosystem service, and it is not always easy to distinguish between them and societal benefits. The main nuance is that an ecosystem service is the aptitude an ecosystem has or develops naturally or as consequence of a management action, and that manifests through its own properties (productivity, diversity, stability, quality of its key parameters, etc.), while a societal benefit is the economic or other profitability (emotional, educational, scientific, etc.) that humans obtain from said service or quality. In this work, 268 publications, together with our own experiences in the different investigations carried out in the MPAs that are part of the BiodivERsA3-2015-21 RESERVEBENEFIT European project, have been selected, reviewed and discussed to analyze the knowledge status of the expected ecosystem services of MPAs and the societal benefits derived from them, sometimes providing information on their evidence, when they exist. We define and classify the effects of protection, ecosystem services and societal benefits and elaborate a conceptual model of the cause-effect relationships between them. |
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