DOI 10.1186/s40168-022-01280-5 Background
The interaction of organisms with their surrounding microbial communities influences many biological processes, a notable example of which is the shaping of the immune system in early life. In the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, the role of the environmental microbial community on immune system maturation – and, importantly, protection from infectious disease – is still an open question.
Results
Here, we demonstrate that early life microbial exposure durably improves oyster survival when challenged with the pathogen causing Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), both in the exposed generation and in the subsequent one. Combining microbiota, transcriptomic, genetic, and epigenetic analyses, we show that the microbial exposure induced changes in epigenetic marks and a reprogramming of immune gene expression leading to long-term and intergenerational immune protection against POMS.
Conclusions
We anticipate that this protection likely extends to additional pathogens and may prove to be an important new strategy for safeguarding oyster aquaculture efforts from infectious disease.
Oyster, Aquaculture, Microbiota, Innate immune shaping, Epigenetic, DNA methylation
| File | Pages | Size | Access | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
10.21203/rs.3.rs-1366702/v1 - Preprint | 36 | 3 Mo | ||
Additional file 1: Additional information related to the methodology (the origin of the biological samples , the experimental design for disease induction, the bioinformatic pipelines) | - | 679 Ko | ||
Additional file 2: Quality of the metrics for omic analysis (sheet 1: transcriptomic, sheet 2: genetic, sheet 3: epigenomic) | - | 22 Ko | ||
Additional file 3: Supplementary results on the phenotypes (Fertilisation success and survival rate of oysters) and on omics data (table 2 = genetic, table 3 = transcriptomic, table 4 = epigenomic,... | - | 488 Ko | ||
Additional file 4: OTU tables for 16S barcoding analysis. Each sheet correspond to a different time point. | - | 157 Ko | ||
Additional file 5: Results of two differential analyses comparing the proportion of OTUs: (1) ME exposed oysters vs control oysters and (2) ME water vs control water | - | 13 Ko | ||
Additional file 6: Compilation of differentially expressed genes at the time point indicated (All DEGs = all the differentially expressed genes, Other sheets = Immune related genes) | - | 2 Mo | ||
Additional file 7: Compilation of the RBGOA biological function which are significantly enriched in the transcriptomic dataset for each time point | - | 68 Ko | ||
Additional file 8: Compilation the differenttially expressed genes related to metabolic functions at the time point indicated | - | 24 Ko | ||
Additional file 9: Compilation of differentially methylated regions in any regions of the genomes (DMRs), within gene bodies (DMGs), within promoter regions (DMPs) | - | 2 Mo | ||
Additional file 10: Compilation the RBGOA biological functions which are significantly enriched in the epigenomic dataset for each time point (sheet 1 to 4) and comparison with RBGOA function from the | - | 20 Ko | ||
Additional file 11: Details for the statistical analysis performed to adress the significance of the inheritence in DMRs patterns | - | 338 Ko | ||
Publisher's official version | 21 | 2 Mo |
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