Metastable liquid immiscibility in the 2018–2021 Fani Maoré lavas as a mechanism for volcanic nanolite formation
Type | Article | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Date | 2023-12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Language | English | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Author(s) | Thivet Simon1, 2, Pereira Luiz1, Menguy Nicolas3, Médard Étienne4, Verdurme Pauline4, Berthod Carole5, 6, Troadec David7, Hess Kai-Uwe1, Dingwell Donald B.1, Komorowski Jean-Christophe6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Affiliation(s) | 1 : Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 80333, Munich, Germany 2 : Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 3 : Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, 75005, Paris, France 4 : Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, OPGC, 63178, Aubière, France 5 : Observatoire Volcanologique et Sismologique de la Guadeloupe, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, 97113, Gourbeyre, France 6 : Université Paris Cité, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France 7 : Institut d’Electronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologies, Université de Lille, 59655, Villeneuve d’Ascq, Lille, France |
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Source | Communications Earth & Environment (2662-4435) (Springer Science and Business Media LLC), 2023-12 , Vol. 4 , N. 1 , P. 483 (14p.) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DOI | 10.1038/s43247-023-01158-w | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
WOS© Times Cited | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Abstract | Nanoscale liquid immiscibility is observed in the 2018–2021 Fani Maoré submarine lavas (Comoros archipelago). Heat transfer calculations, Raman spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy reveal that in contrast to thin (500 µm) outer rims of homogeneous glassy lava (rapidly quenched upon eruption, >1000 °C s−1), widespread liquid immiscibility is observed in thick (1 cm) inner lava rims (moderately quenched, 1–1000 °C s−1), which exhibit a nanoscale coexistence of Si- and Al-rich vs. Ca-, Fe-, and Ti-rich melt phases. In this zone, rapid nanolite crystallization contrasts with the classical crystallization process inferred for the slower cooled ( < 1 °C s−1) lava interiors. The occurrence of such metastable liquid immiscibility at eruptive conditions controls physicochemical characteristics of nanolites and residual melt compositions. This mechanism represents a common yet frequently unobserved feature in volcanic products, with the potential for major impacts on syn-eruptive magma degassing and rheology, and thus on eruptive dynamics. |
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